• MESO: Nws Weather Prediction Center College Park Md

    From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 29 19:29:58 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 291929
    FFGMPD
    OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-300127-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0195
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    329 PM EDT Tue Apr 29 2025

    Areas affected...southeastern Illinois, southern indiana, far
    northern Kentucky, and southwestern Ohio

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 291927Z - 300127Z

    Summary...Isolated spots of flash flooding are possible as a
    convective complex migrates from southern Illinois across the
    discussion area through 01Z/8pm CDT.

    Discussion...Strong convection has aligned in a mostly linear
    fashion across southern Illinois from near Mount Vernon to near
    Cape Girardeau. This complex was moving east at around 30-35
    knots. More recently, radar mosaic imagery has depicted lead
    cells developing out ahead of the main linear complex in more of a
    east-west orientation (parallel to flow aloft). These cells have
    merged with the main complex, allowing for localized prolonging of
    heavier rainfall and rates peaking at around 1.5-2 inch/hr (per
    MRMS), which has locally exceeded hourly FFG. A couple instances
    of flash flooding have been reported near the cell mergers over
    the past 30-60 minutes or so just southwest of Nashville, IL.

    The overall regime will shift eastward across the discussion area,
    traversing the Ohio Valley and adjacent areas of IL/IN/KY and
    southwestern OH through 01Z. The regime is expected to continue
    to produce spots of 1.5 inch/hr rain rates that could result in
    localized flash flooding at times especially where cell mergers
    are most frequent. Current trends suggest that the greatest flash
    flood risk should enter southern Indiana after around 21Z or so,
    and southwestern Ohio after around 23-00Z.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-PuPv9n1SfeNeI19PsPJWwp3xX5up8hR_o-DnjFLVmA4dQqmjJVPyfHj5E1NZ_5vJIsN= T2JNipLAfGfb--nHNPntg4Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...JKL...LMK...LSX...PAH...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...NCRFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39618410 39078322 38478345 37728508 36998796=20
    36928939 37888971 38888916 39318789 39608588=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 29 19:39:46 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 291937
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-300135-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0196
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    336 PM EDT Tue Apr 29 2025

    Areas affected...West-Central to Northwest TX...Southwest to
    Central OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 291935Z - 300135Z

    SUMMARY...Considerable development and expansion of heavy showers
    and thunderstorms can be expected over the next several hours
    going into the evening time frame. Areas of flash flooding will
    become likely in time due to heavy rainfall rates and storm totals
    along with locally sensitive soil/streamflow conditions.

    DISCUSSION...The mid-afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery
    shows convection beginning to initiate across areas of western TX
    in close proximity to the dryline, with additional agitated CU/TCU
    development noted off to the northeast near a stationary front
    situated over northwest TX and into southwest and central OK. In
    fact, there is a cluster of stronger convection evolving over
    central OK to the south of the Oklahoma City metro area which is
    near the intersection of the front and a nearby long-lived outflow
    boundary.

    The warm sector airmass across the southern Plains near these
    boundaries is quite unstable with MLCAPE values of 2000 to 2500+
    J/kg in place with the aid of strong diurnal heating and a
    moisture-laden boundary layer with surface dewpoints in the mid to
    upper 60s. A substantial amount of shear is already in place with
    effective bulk shear values of 50 to 60+ kts noted, and this
    coupled with the favorable thermodynamic environment will set the
    stage for developing and expanding clusters of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms over the next few hours.

    Given the arrival of subtle height falls from the west in
    association with a deep upper trough over the Southwest, and with
    some additional strengthening of the low to mid-level wind field,
    the convection should grow upscale heading into the evening hours
    with well-organized convection focusing near the dryline and
    especially the front/outflow boundary locations. This will include
    supercell thunderstorm activity with potential for cell-mergers
    and potentially some smaller scale QLCS evolution in time.

    The environment will be rather moist by this evening across the
    region and especially over northern TX and into southern OK where
    PWs should increase to near or above 1.5 inches and this will be
    running a solid 2 standard deviations above normal. This coupled
    with the kinematic and thermodynamic environment should help
    support rainfall rates as high as 1.5 to 2.5"/hour with the
    stronger convective cores, and especially any supercells.

    In time, the upscale growth along with concerns for cell-mergers
    and localized cell-training will favor some storm totals by early
    this evening of 3 to 5 inches. The heaviest rainfall totals are
    expected to be over areas of northwest TX into southwest and
    south-central OK and this closely aligns with the current WPC D1
    ERO depiction of a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall. Areas of
    flash flooding are expected to gradually become likely across
    these areas, and especially given elevated soil/streamflow
    sensitivities.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_c1eevdiFtS-0Cwz6NjADVsbGIGzBbVl9q2QZNdUHRDAADw_Sufx18Piy8FaE1z9zc1H= M29cIQgMWgk5RcT8C7jD3j4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36489622 36179484 35469462 34559520 33889625=20
    33269753 32199944 31610038 30810235 30700312=20
    30960329 31850260 32510223 33110226 33680167=20
    34340032 35129907 36029763=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue Apr 29 22:47:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 292245
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-300244-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0197
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    644 PM EDT Tue Apr 29 2025

    Areas affected...northern Kentucky, southeastern Indiana, southern
    Ohio, portions of West Virginia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 292244Z - 300244Z

    Summary...Loosely organized convective clusters continue to
    migrate eastward and produce spots of 1 inch/hr rain rates. These
    trends are expected to continue through/after sunset, posing a
    risk of isolated flash flooding.

    Discussion...Scattered convection has developed in earnest across
    portions of southwestern Ohio and Kentucky out ahead of a MCS over
    southern Indiana. Heavier rain rates associated with this
    convection have decreased somewhat - mainly due to a lesser degree
    of organization of the convection compared to just a couple hours
    ago. Nevertheless, spots of 1 inch/hr rain rates continue to be
    estimated per MRMS as cells merge/train on a localized basis.=20
    Storms are being maintained by a moist, uncapped, and unstable
    airmass characterized by 1.6 inch PW values and ~1500 J/kg MLCAPE
    away from cold pools. Additionally, 25-35 kn westerly flow was
    allowing for efficient recovery of the airmass across Ohio in the
    wake of a strong MCS that traversed that area, indicating
    potential for eastward persistence of storms into OH/WV through
    the early evening.

    Cells should also gradually move into areas with slightly lower
    FFG thresholds (around 1 inch/hr across the discussion area)
    compared to areas upstream in Indiana/Illinois. Thus, an
    isolated/localized flash flood threat should continue through the
    early evening hours as clusters of convection migrate eastward -
    especially in sensitive/low-lying areas.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7QwIooTYNiv3BCw5v-kuJACsWOkQSZZmVXqL9egLaSv3MgCUEQNOz2rBDsgPoL4GWkRj= RBmIfTZYB7NNBtEk7F1EaMw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...ILN...IND...JKL...LMK...PBZ...RLX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40478361 40328101 39728000 38687995 37818132=20
    37308363 37508554 38738552 40168479=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 30 01:29:26 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 300128
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-300727-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0198
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    927 PM EDT Tue Apr 29 2025

    Areas affected...west Texas into much of Oklahoma

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 300127Z - 300727Z

    Summary...Flash flood threat continues across the discussion area
    through 07Z and beyond. Significant impacts are expected
    especially across western north Texas and vicinity.

    Discussion...Over the past 1-2 hours, a general uptick in
    convection has been noted across much of Oklahoma and western
    north Texas in tandem with 1) an increase of southerly low-level
    flow across much of the southern Plains and 2) the complicated
    evolution of a mature supercellular cluster currently just near
    Wichita Falls. Most of the convection has been slightly elevated
    atop a cool/stable layer, but the aforementioned supercellular
    cluster appeared to root near a remnant outflow from earlier
    convection, with its complex evolution resulting in a few areas of
    2-4 inch rainfall totals extending from just southeast of Lubbock
    to near Seymour over the past 3-4 hours. Convection continues to
    grow upscale into a mix of lines and cells while also moving
    through sensitive/wet ground conditions from prior extreme
    rainfall across western north Texas and southwestern Oklahoma.=20
    Occasional instances of flash flooding are expected with this
    activity (extending into central/south-central Oklahoma) over the
    next 2-4 hours.

    Although a very brief break in precip coverage is apparent across
    west Texas currently, 1) 40-45 knot 850mb flow across southwest
    Texas, 2) nearly stationary surface boundaries, and 3) apparent
    ascent over the TransPecos will result in another round of renewed
    convection across west Texas that will migrate east-northeastward
    across sensitive areas that have received abundant rainfall over
    the past week (western North Texas into southern/central
    Oklahoma). Potential exists for a significant, widespread flash
    flood event to unfold across these areas over the next 6 hours and
    beyond.=20

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_EIqktVdM0CRvzyjj4rYoFAmAjCXJjqyLTxoXsMbYyfBf9JdT9Sq0TjJYb2qgG465eB2= 7rGGx0vcbf6vCruvIcgV3_8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36559630 36539492 35869448 34909480 34029556=20
    33249716 32539920 31130148 31390243 33050238=20
    34280149 34979995 36019812=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 30 12:46:34 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 301246
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-301500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0201
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    612 AM EDT Wed Apr 30 2025

    Areas affected...northwestern TX into central/northeastern OK

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 301011Z - 301500Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered to numerous coverage of flash flooding is
    expected from portions of northwestern TX into central and
    northeastern OK through 15Z. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr (locally
    higher) are likely to impact portions of the region which have
    recently received heavy rainfall, potentially leading to significant/considerable impacts.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery at 10Z showed a forward propagating
    line segment which extended from southwestern OK into northwestern
    TX, located along and north of a quasi-stationary front which
    draped southwestward from southern OK into the western Permian
    Basin of TX. Peak MRMS-derived hourly rainfall with the advancing
    line has generally been 1-2 inches. Over southern OK, a band of
    training resulted in 2 to 5 inches of rain from northern Wilbarger
    County, TX to Stephens County, OK, out ahead of the advancing line
    segment. In addition, immediately in the wake of the forward
    propagating line segment was an additional/small cluster between
    MAF and LBB, slowly advancing eastward.

    While some minor weakening of low level winds is expected over the
    next few hours with the diurnal cycle, 25-45 kt of flow at 850 mb
    is likely to maintain robust clusters of thunderstorms from
    northwestern TX into central/northeastern OK over the next 3-5
    hours. While line segments are expected to generally propagate
    toward the east, there will be instances of training within the
    line segments where orientation matches the SW to NE oriented
    deeper layer steering flow. Rainfall rates of 1-2 in/hr will be
    likely (locally higher) with an additional 2-4 inches through 15Z
    for portions of the region. Due to areas of ongoing flash flooding
    from recent heavy rainfall, scattered to numerous occurrences of
    flash flooding are expected and locally significant/considerable
    flooding could affect locations on either side of the Red River
    which have picked up 4+ inches of rain over the past 12 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8MAzfF1wXQgr7WueA7_e4Z9aRC6qVPzNVzFJ6tklIk3XhCWBTaZbJKICFxSLG7MUWxt9= gkxQC-7DvxNU89dmrfZxvmA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36369678 35909572 35239553 34019604 32449740=20
    31839848 31689945 31680041 31910100 32160138=20
    32310186 32550216 32960214 33430166 33780050=20
    34809961 35819813=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 30 14:02:37 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 301402
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-302000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0202
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1000 AM EDT Wed Apr 30 2025

    Areas affected...Central and Northern TX...Eastern OK...Far
    Western AR

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 301400Z - 302000Z

    SUMMARY...Very heavy showers and thunderstorms will be impacting
    much of central and northern TX and into portions of eastern OK
    and far western AR going through the mid-afternoon hours. Areas of
    significant and life-threatening flash flooding are expected which
    will include a notable urban flash flood threat to multiple
    metropolitan areas including Dallas-Fort Worth and adjacent
    suburbia.

    DISCUSSION...The early morning GOES-E IR satellite imagery in
    conjunction with dual-pol radar shows an elongated axis of very
    heavy shower and thunderstorm activity focused across areas of
    central and northern TX and extending well into areas of southern
    and eastern OK. The convection is well organized and generally
    focused along a quasi-stationary front with multiple waves of low
    pressure riding east-northeast along it.

    A look at the latest RAP analysis shows MLCAPE values of 1000 to
    1500+ J/kg already pooled up along the front, with an increasingly
    moist warm-sector airmass continuing to advance north into the
    boundary with aid from a southerly low-level jet of 40 to 45+ kts.
    3-hour MLCAPE differentials of +400 to +600 are already noted
    along an axis from central TX to southeast OK along the corridor
    of more convergent and moist low-level flow, and the combination
    of higher surface dewpoints and diurnal heating will favor a
    steady increase in instability over the next several hours.

    The southern flank of the convective axis in particular from
    central to northeast TX is expected to be particularly potent with
    very high rainfall rate potential going forward as a combination
    of strengthening thermodynamics and rather strong low to mid-level
    shear (0-3 km bulk shear of 40 to 45 kts) favor enhanced/efficient
    updrafts with substantial moisture convergence/water-loading
    through the cloud-bearing layer. Rainfall rates of 2 to 3
    inches/hour are likely in these areas.

    Areas from especially the Mineral Wells to Dallas-Fort Worth
    metropolitan corridor along with the adjacent suburbs of northern
    TX (including the Denton to Sherman corridor) are expected to see
    some of the heaviest rainfall rates and totals going through
    mid-afternoon with as much as 3 to 5+ inches of rain possible
    where localized corridors of cell-training occurs.

    However, areas farther north into eastern OK are expected to see
    additional heavy rainfall as a strong upstream MCV approaches and
    interacts with the pooling of moisture/instability surging up
    across southeast OK in close proximity to the aforementioned
    front. Areas from Durant through McAlester and the Stigler
    vicinity will likely see additional heavy rainfall totals of as
    much as 2 to 4+ inches through this nowcast period.

    Areas of significant and life-threatening flash flooding are
    expected going through the mid-afternoon hours, and this will
    include notable urban flash flooding concerns given the high
    rainfall rate potential along with locally sensitive antecedent
    conditions.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5arosPIwo0JxCv4WSt4E3f2qT0ZCm2ioDwv5j60E1Q2YrS4EHbMobOzJ1jfgWTuz5WbC= jJkWCcjG6aqQAOhgXE_YCOc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LUB...LZK...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36609514 36199387 33929391 32249596 31619879=20
    31840029 32580048 33959863 35529709=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed Apr 30 19:27:39 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 301927
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-010125-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0203
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    325 PM EDT Wed Apr 30 2025

    Areas affected...Central to Northeast TX...Far Southwest AR...Far
    Northwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 301925Z - 010125Z

    SUMMARY...A complex of heavy showers and thunderstorms will
    continue to gradually settle south and east going through the
    afternoon and early evening hours. Intense rainfall rates and
    storm totals will likely promote additional areas of flash
    flooding which will include locally considerable/significant urban
    flash flooding impacts.

    DISCUSSION...The afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery shows
    a substantial amount of CU/TCU development across central to
    northeast TX out ahead of a well-defined and long-lived MCS that
    has been transiting northern TX and eastern OK over the last
    several hours. The warm-sector airmass with the aid of strong
    diurnal heating and a moisture-laden boundary layer with surface
    dewpoints in the upper 60s to low 70s is affording MLCAPE values
    as high as 1500 to 3000 J/kg. This includes the Austin to Waco
    corridor on northeastward up into the Tyler and Longview vicinity.

    A combination of strong instability and enhanced moisture flux
    convergence with the aid of a southerly low-level jet of 40 to 50
    kts will continue to favor a well-organized southern flank of the
    larger scale convective mass. The convergent nature of the moist
    low-level wind field and with favorable low to mid-level shear
    profiles (0-3 km bulk shear of 30 to 40 kts) should continue to
    sustain enhanced convective cores with rainfall rates reaching as
    high as 1 to 3 inches/hour.

    The concern going into the evening hours will be the increasing
    threat for the southwest flank of the convective line to begin
    slowing down as upstream mid-level height falls begin to
    increasingly overspread the broader southern Plains region, and
    with the deeper layer flow becoming more aligned with the leading
    edge of the surface cold pool/outflow boundary orientation.
    Cell-training concerns with backbuilding convection may extend in
    time as far southwest as the Austin metropolitan area itself, but
    greater short-term concerns are expected along the Waco to Tyler
    corridor and stretching east through Tyler and Longview. Some of
    the convection will also advance into far southwest AR and
    northwest LA, but generally the heaviest rainfall should be for
    areas farther down to the southwest over central to northeast TX.

    Recent runs of the HRRR/RRFS guidance and also the experimental
    WoFS indicate potential for as much as 3 to 6 inches of rain where
    the greatest cell-training concerns set up, and this will promote
    additional areas of flash flooding with a concern at least locally
    for considerable/significant urban flash flooding impacts.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8Uxh8F4G4WVKve7VdDUzMV8SxxjdxMM54Y7QlaXv6HZeu32842o5oB_xYj8hvsheO8ZB= i8bpEOrjQJe_jd4fBqjCKpk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...OUN...SHV...SJT...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34059415 33699330 32959312 32199366 31049538=20
    30359680 30319798 30969847 31949822 33459674=20
    34019538=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 1 01:22:25 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 010121
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-010720-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0204
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    920 PM EDT Wed Apr 30 2025

    Areas affected...central/east Texas and far western Louisiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 010120Z - 010720Z

    Summary...Areas of flash flooding remain possible along and ahead
    of an elongated, southward-moving MCS. 1-2 inch/hr rain rates
    remain likely, which could cause flooding issues especially in
    sensitive/urban areas.

    Discussion...An elongated MCS continues to migrate slowly
    southward and is currently located along an axis from near Temple
    to Shreveport. Individual cells/clusters within the broader MCS
    are initiating closer to stronger mid-level instability across
    central Texas and migrating eastward, resulting in extensive
    training and multiple areas of 1-2 inch/hr rain rates at times.=20
    Heavier rain rates have persisted for multiple hours, resulting in
    spots of 2-5 inch rainfall totals (per MRMS radar estimates) These
    rain rates have resulted in scattered impacts (especially between
    Waco and Tyler). These rates are exceeding FFG thresholds on a
    spotty basis, as 3-5 inch/hr FFG thresholds are prevalent across
    much of Texas east of I-35 and south of I-20.

    The ongoing convective scenario supporting flash flooding should
    continue to translate southward over the next 4-6 hours. However,
    flash flood potential should become progressively more isolated as
    a result of 1) continued high FFG thresholds south of the ongoing
    MCS, and 2) veering/weakening 850mb flow, which should ultimately
    result in less convergence/convective coverage within the MCS.=20
    Flash flooding remains possible especially where heavier rain
    rates (exceeding 1 inch/hr) 1) reside over local areas of multiple
    hours and/or 2) fall over urban/sensitive ground conditions.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7IJ6HI6asb4UBFCBoCHm6UG6O1Cnbp0FzpzPSjg4qLP4GKZhyeYh16E5tXbUqI39Yxy3= CmlzRbSS_JhNKxfSZ7vNGc0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33139422 32769326 31569314 30239367 29619561=20
    29439804 31009834 31819751 32579605=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 1 21:53:30 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 012153
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-020351-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0205
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    553 PM EDT Thu May 01 2025

    Areas affected...portions of southwest into central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 012151Z - 020351Z

    Summary...Isolated, slow-moving thunderstorms are capable of local
    2-3 inch/hr rain rates, which could result in a few areas of flash
    flooding. Later this evening, a complex emanating from near the
    Rio Grande should also foster an isolated flash flood risk.

    Discussion...In the past hour or so, explosive thunderstorm
    development has occurred on an isolated basis along an axis from
    near Killeen, TX west-southwestward to near Del Rio. The updrafts
    are breaching the cap within a zone of focused convergence along a
    dryline near that same axis. Although wind fields aloft are
    westerly at around 20-35 knots, cells have exhibited slow
    right-moving, supercellular tendencies that have supported local
    rain rates of 2-3 inches/hr (estimated per MRMS/local radar).=20
    These rates are falling in areas of local FFGs in the 1.5-2.5
    inch/hr range (lowest near Killeen and surrounding areas that
    received 2-3 inch rainfall amounts yesterday night), suggestive of
    isolated flash flood potential near the slowest-moving convection.

    Ongoing activity is expected to continue to remain isolated and
    confined to areas near/south of the dryline this evening.=20
    Eventually, convection over northern Mexico (southwest of Del Rio)
    is expected to grow upscale and form an eastward-moving complex
    that will move through a pool of very strong instability across
    the discussion area and provide another opportunity for heavy
    rainfall - especially in western portions of the discussion area
    (Del Rio to perhaps San Antonio and vicinity late). Totals could
    be locally higher where cell mergers occur. The ongoing scenario
    supports at least an isolated flash flood threat across the
    discussion area thhrough the evening.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!75_ZViJMHzk25RmhjBbfsxXiOCCgIpWakpSNFuErSxeYpogwQW7Cfzgg6Vl7I9cHpxl8= OJxA3ydtFtRx3_Fo1PnnmLI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...MAF...SHV...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31979462 31529426 30799497 29709757 28689999=20
    29010078 29370133 29810215 30250135 31519920=20
    31959700=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 00:29:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 020027
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-020225-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0206
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    826 PM EDT Thu May 01 2025

    Areas affected...portions of central Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 020025Z - 020225Z

    Summary...Heavy rainfall continues to pose a locally signficant
    flash flood risk - especially northwest through northeast of
    Austin, TX metro.

    Discussion...A combination of supercellular and outflow-dominant
    clusters have produced rain rates of 2-3 inches per hour and
    nearly 7 inches in 3 hours along an axis from near Burnet/Buchanan
    Dam eastward to near Hearne, TX. Recent radar imagery indicates a
    gradual increase in both 1) the presence of outflows spreading
    away from heavier cores near this activity and 2) overall
    convective coverage. These trends were occurring amid a modest
    increase in low-level flow, which has helped to maintain an influx
    of moist (1.5 inch PW) and strongly unstable (4000 J/kg MLCAPE)
    air into the storms.

    Though the exact evolution is still a bit uncertain, some concern
    exists that upscale growth could both 1) allow for a longer
    duration of heavier precipitation into the evening than depicted
    by most CAMs that 2) ultimately spreads impacts closer to
    populated areas such as Austin and College Station. Given the
    magnitude of rain rates (2+ inches/hr), these impacts could become
    significant.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5xBDbz2oyG0PhaoPfAXCyK8jXvCMqNtW7yvaw-eAWXWV46OsfxHpnwSA1WX4vQDrolLq= igLW9XjfOgUNz3ekf64O1rQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31349847 31219647 31039519 30479483 29889519=20
    29479706 29969943 31079950=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 02:19:08 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 020218
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-020700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0207
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1017 PM EDT Thu May 01 2025

    Areas affected...Rio Grande Valley of Southwest TX....

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 020215Z - 020700Z

    SUMMARY...A few more hours of intense rainfall with cell
    collisions and localized 2"/hr and totals to 4" continuing
    possible flash flooding concerns through early overnight period.

    DISCUSSION...RADAR mosaic and lightning mapping loop shows
    maturing cold pool across Uvalde/Kinney county with an arching
    bowing segment from a developing MCV near Medina county back
    toward a strong super-cell feature near Zavala county before
    angling back toward maturing complex of cells along the Serranias
    del Burro west of Maverick county. Surface analysis shows the dry
    line rapidly retreating up the Rio Grande toward the lower Pecos
    therefore shifting all forcing to maintain convection along/ahead
    of the convective outflow. CIRA LPW shows the nose of a very deep
    anomalous moisture surge through the Rio Grande with Sfc-850mb
    values over .75" with supportive 850-500mb helping to support
    1.5"+ totals advected on increasing backed southwesterly flow up
    the river valley.

    A pool of remaining conditionally unstable but slowly capping
    instability with 2500-3000 J/kg of CAPE is also being ingested to
    the line to help support vigorous thunderstorms for a few more
    hours at least. As such, saturating lower profiles should
    maintain some rainfall efficiency with reduction lost to hail
    production with each hour. Given the flux, rates of 2-2.5"/hr are
    probable and likely for the next few hours slowly diminishing with stabilization and slowing intensity of the cold pool/forward flank
    isentropic ascent. Given this though, storm scale
    interactions/collisions become more probable resulting in
    localized intense bursts and spots of 3-4" in 1-2hrs given slowed
    forward progress.=20=20

    While Hi-Res CAMs show quick devolution of the complex, they are
    also reduced in assimilation of coverage/intensity of ongoing
    convective environment, particularly the HRRR which as a tendency
    to rapidly diminish ongoing cells in a stabilizing
    environment...much faster than reality. As such, the threat of
    cells propagating southeast to east-southeast with intense rates
    capable of inducing scattered flash flooding remains possible
    through the early overnight period. across Southwest TX and the
    Rio Grande Valley.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4_DraB7OiQL6fna4_cLnb51Wom-EqPXgPfT_88ddU_mk-6FowF-eSxh6jiL9Ch5d7AaB= JFielt9asX6xpzotL9FJikA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29569861 29429829 28839804 28299806 27939841=20
    27729899 27679962 27890002 28320045 28630069=20
    28840071 28970050 28900023 29019989 29439959=20
    29549926=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 03:02:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 020301
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-020900-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0208
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1100 PM EDT Thu May 01 2025

    Areas affected...Central & Southern OK...Adj. TX Panhandle and Northwest/Northern TX...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 020300Z - 020900Z

    SUMMARY...Another round of thunderstorms crossing highly saturated
    soil conditions likely to result in scattered flash flooding
    conditions overnight.

    DISCUSSION...A subtle fast moving shortwave enhanced/maintained by
    right entrance jet max across southern KS is providing solid DPVA
    to develop a bowed band of elevated convection racing across the
    northern Texas Panhandle. The overall height-falls from the
    larger scale digging trough seen well in GOES-E WV across the
    northern Central Plains has resulted in rapidly responding LLJ
    across central and eastern TX as VWP has increased to near 50kts
    at DYX and are starting to reach the 30kts at FDR with CIRA LPW
    showing rapid of the SFC-850mb dry slot (with Tds now in the 60s
    and even low 70s) across north-central TX and EML noted in
    850-700mb is reducing/retreating to the west in CIRA LPW.

    This increasing moisture flux at the surface still remains
    easterly in nature, but slow veering is expected through the
    boundary layer in the next few hours. This will start to ascend
    across a well defined deep layer isentropic boundary that bisects
    OK from near the MO/AR intersection south of OKC/Norman toward LTS
    and through the northern Cap Rock from CDS to PVW. While the dry
    air is helping lapse rates and instability profiles initially, the
    increasing moisture flux from the south will eventually increase
    rainfall potential after 07-08z. However, initial thunderstorms,
    even elevated along the front will have sufficient low level flux
    to support 1-1.5"/hr rates in proximity to the boundary. Deep
    layer steering should allow for some training/repeating to further
    enhance rainfall totals before rainfall rates/efficiency is
    expected to increase later.=20

    Normally, 1.5-3" totals would be fine, especially in the expected
    faster moving environment; however, upper soil conditions remain
    highly saturated with 0-40cm ration of 70-75% across much of OK
    and Northwest to Northeast TX which is near record values as NASA
    SPoRT percentiles are in the 98th+ percentile across a vast area,
    with active flooding along many rivers including the Red River and
    nearby tributaries. As such, even though FFG values have
    "rebounded" to 1.5"/hr or 2-2.5"/3hrs, the probability of
    infiltration is very low and nearly all rainfall will be runoff
    and as such, near convective cores, scattered incidents of flash
    flooding are considered likely through the overnight period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9WqZlIY8Blz7NMYSpgkVKo_JrAfbMlEmBmZRzcZ3xesDZYKL8-95bY3h8EA1woY1qK9P= nV4KmHBzQzgnuTUB_w2ZTrY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AMA...FWD...LUB...OUN...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36439613 36209503 35409444 34979458 34139565=20
    33859740 33859965 34210068 35660041 36029814=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 08:24:39 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 020824
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-021430-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0209
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    423 AM EDT Fri May 02 2025

    Areas affected...South-Central & Eastern OK...Far Northern
    TX...Northern AR...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 020830Z - 021430Z

    SUMMARY...Fast moving, but intense cores capable of 1"/15-30
    minutes and localized totals of 2-3.5" crossing saturated ground
    conditions likely to continue scattered flash flooding incidents
    through early morning.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E 10.3um loop shows expanding cooling complex
    along the Red River in SW OK/NW TX. RADAR mosaic shows a more
    detail to the driving forces, with fast moving S/W almost MCV like
    mid-level circulation across northwest OK with a bowed arch of
    elevated thunderstorms angling southward with some 700mb boundary
    starting to activate west to east downstream of the SW into the
    sharpening right entrance of the 300mb jet. WV suite notes that
    the larger scale main vorticity center is sharpening the overall
    height packing and the jet is starting to accelerate to 100kts.=20
    This is providing solid divergence aloft along and downstream to
    maintain the wave, while simultaneously continuing to keep the
    broad (nearly Texas wide) 40-50kt 850mb low level jet streaming
    northward. Upstream edge is starting to angle/veer more
    southwestward, potentially expanding back-building of the flanking
    line of the developing convective complex near a weak closing
    1007/8mb surface low near KCWC.

    A main surface front continues to bisect the state into NW AR,
    though a subtle either southern stream or wake pressure trof
    exists south of it and south of the Red River connecting to a weak
    low near DEQ and southeast angling surface trof across S AR. Both
    are enhancing surface to boundary layer moisture convergence and
    isentropic ascent, eventually tapping a solid remaining well of
    2000-3000 MUCAPE. While moisture flux into the boundaries
    continues to help pool total moisture to 1.25-1.5", the orthogonal
    ascent and strong convergence is increasing rates to 1.5-2"/hr.=20
    As such, strong thunderstorms will continue to be maintained
    across much of southern OK; however,the veered eastern edge of the
    LLJ is starting to ascend over that southern boundary, utilizing
    the instability axis over central AR and breaking out
    thunderstorms across generally in the vicinity of I-40. Deep
    layer steering through much of the WAA regime may reduce some
    cross track/repeating in the near term, but as the shortwave
    approaches may flatten for increasing repeat/training environment
    as is ongoing across southern OK.

    So with increased duration, spots of 2-3.5" totals are possible
    along the boundaries. This alone is likely to exceed FFG in the
    region, but those values may have rebounded much too quickly given
    other soil saturation signals from NASA SPoRT. 0-40cm ratios
    across most of the area of the MPD are over 70-75%, though the
    lowest areas in central to northeast AR are still well over 60%
    and are above normal with the vast majority of OK, NW and W AR in
    the 90th percentile. As such, limited infiltration suggests that
    much rainfall over saturated grounds and elevated stream flows
    will likely continue flash flooding concerns throughout the late
    overnight through early morning day break.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7lNvr8BhJntG__3RUn8RJdFUjvfug-tIKslsjUN6oGC29oalLF7f7YgyIy1FGBe5pY1H= lcGZZIGPrK2ixThaOUvGSKw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...LZK...MEG...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36439462 36389273 36149122 35759043 35489020=20
    35009038 34629092 34449164 34459321 34359444=20
    33469635 33389821 33929857 35189715 36059633=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 18:11:00 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 021810
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-030000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0210
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    209 PM EDT Fri May 02 2025

    Areas affected...portions of central and eastern TX through
    western LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 021800Z - 030000Z

    Summary...Convection will continue to proliferate this afternoon,
    likely resulting in scattered totals of 3-5" (and locally higher)
    through the evening. Scattered to numerous instances of flash
    flooding are possible, and may be locally significant in more
    sensitive terrain and metro areas.

    Discussion...Convection is beginning to proliferate across
    portions of eastern TX, as 20-30 kts of southerly to southeasterly
    low-level (925-850 mb) moisture transport combines with relatively
    moist, cool air aloft (700-500 mb) originating from convection
    over the northern Sierra Madre Oriental range yesterday (as is
    clear from CIRA advected layered precipitable water imagery).
    While this region just north and east of the Houston metro area is
    the current core of the highest moisture content (PWATs near 1.8",
    per SPC's SFCOA analysis, which is well above the 90th percentile
    per LCH sounding climatology), the broader region from the Heart
    of TX northeastward to the Ark-La-Tex is characterized by PWATs of
    1.4-1.8", SB CAPE of 2000-4500 J/kg (with a tight gradient along
    the northern extent due to relatively stable outflow from an MCS
    near the Red River of the South overnight), and effective bulk
    shear of 25-40 kts. Shear is resulting from a dual jet structure
    that is somewhat phased, providing ample divergence aloft within
    the left-exit region of a subtropical jet streak (near the
    TX/Mexico border) and on the outer periphery of a right-entrance
    region of a polar jet streak (centered over the Great Lakes).

    Convection is anticipated to continue to proliferate, likely
    growing upscale to the north and west as the afternoon progresses.
    Relatively broad surface to low-level convergence should become
    more defined over time, reinforced by the aforementioned outflow
    sagging south (along with a quasi-stationary front lagging just
    behind with additional ongoing convection inbetween). Recent
    hi-res guidance (12z HREF suite) is in rather good agreement
    concerning the potential for excessive rainfall, indicating
    relatively high odds (40-70%) for localized 3" exceedance and
    somewhat elevated odds (15-25%) for localized 5" exceedance (per
    12z HREF 40-km neighborhood exceedance probabilities). Subsequent
    HRRR and experimental RRFS hourly runs (since 12z) support the
    earlier ensemble guidance, consistently indicating the potental
    for 6"+ localized totals over the next 6 hours (through 00z).

    While scattered 3-5" totals (with locally higher amounts) are
    likely, corresponding Flash Flood Guidance (over a 3-6 hour
    period) largely encompasses the same range (3.0-5.0"). This
    suggests that scattered to numerous instances of flash flooding
    are possible (though not guarenteed). The situation is more
    concerning for sensitive terrain, including eastern portions of
    the TX Hill Country into the Heart of TX (including the San
    Antonio and Austin metro areas) where FFGs are as low as 2.0-3.0",
    and perhaps most concerning for portions of the Houston/Galveston
    metro into the Golden Triangle region of southeast TX (where HREF
    exceedance probs are maximized). Should higher totals occur over
    more sensitive areas, significant to life threatening flash
    flooding is possible.

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7QYwxzKqJcY2TZlclXwM356aOX_msIpb5Ij50AkD2-sotN2-OdcFdTLwnvJz50ar27kq= V7CUrfHpcQqC1UHMUPhz5Lc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32889352 32289295 31439295 30139323 29739402=20
    29369579 29069721 29449899 30889914 31409846=20
    31579720 31959577 32289510 32609454=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 2 18:40:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 021839
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-030037-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0211
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    238 PM EDT Fri May 02 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of the Lower MS Valley and Mid-South

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 021837Z - 030037Z

    SUMMARY...Showers and thunderstorms with heavy rainfall rates will
    be capable of producing isolated to widely scattered areas of
    flash flooding this afternoon and evening.

    DISCUSSION...A low-amplitude shortwave trough traversing portions
    of the lower OH Valley and Mid-South will be interacting with a
    moist and unstable airmass pooling along and just ahead of a
    frontal zone and will be favoring an expansion of heavy showers
    and thunderstorms over the next several hours.

    MLCAPE values of 1500 to 2500 J/kg are in place across northern LA
    through through northern MS/AL and into middle TN. Coinciding with
    this is as much as 30 to 40 kts of effective bulk shear, and this
    should yield a combination of multicell and occasional supercell
    convection. Given the moist environment with PWs approaching and
    locally exceeding 1.5 inches, and organized character of the
    convection, the rainfall rates should be rather high and capable
    of reaching 1.5 to 2 inches/hour.

    Some cell-merger activity is expected as the convection evolves
    over the next several hours, with multiple convective clusters
    likely materializing by this evening. Colliding outflow boundaries
    will be a facilitator of this as well. This coupled with locally
    slow cell-motions in general may allow for some of the rainfall
    totals to reach as high as 2 to 4+ inches, and this is consistent
    with a consensus of the latest hires model guidance.

    Given the relatively moist antecedent conditions and high rainfall
    rates, there a concern for isolated to widely scattered areas of
    flash flooding. The bigger concern generally will be for the more
    sensitive urbanized locations.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-xmxM_9lHwfIZTHzCYDF5q8hzCyses-xFYtMIq6SWKBkM4mhUm3IUjQUJzujEHRMoUHz= 1UmjpAwyNgvM7_sv_qvutT0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...LCH...LZK...MEG...MRX...OHX...
    SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...OHRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36488617 36328520 35598491 34718610 33938733=20
    32828936 31869089 30979224 30899295 31869279=20
    32709305 33089270 33989115 34808968 35608826=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 3 00:01:50 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 030001
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-030600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0212
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    800 PM EDT Fri May 02 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of South-Central and Southeast
    TX...Southwest LA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 030000Z - 030600Z

    SUMMARY...Locally heavy showers and thunderstorms will continue
    through the evening hours. Additional scattered areas of flash
    flooding will continue to be possible where slow cell-motions and
    cell-mergers yield enhanced rainfall totals.

    DISCUSSION...The early-evening GOES-IR satellite imagery along
    with dual-pol radar shows broken areas of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms focusing along and just ahead of a slow-moving cold
    front settling down across south-central to southeast TX.

    Over the last couple of hours, there has been a trend toward
    locally more organized convection and colder cloud tops in a
    broken fashion from near Del Rio eastward to the southern suburbs
    of the Austin metropolitan area. Meanwhile, farther east into the
    southeast TX coastal plain and adjacent areas of southwest LA,
    clusters of convection continue to persist here while slowly
    advancing eastward.

    A substantial pool of instability is pooled across much of
    southern TX in close proximity to the front with MLCAPE values of
    2500 to 3500 J/kg in place along with about 40 to 50 kts of
    effective bulk shear. This coupled with at least modest low-level
    south to southeast flow into the front should sustain the
    convective threat going through the evening hours.

    Slow cell-motions and cell-merger activity will continue to be a
    short-term concern which given the moist/unstable environment
    should continue to support rainfall rates of up to 2 inches/hour.

    Additional rainfall amounts through the evening hours may reach as
    high as 2 to 4 inches with isolated heavier totals. This will
    continue to promote additional concerns for scattered areas of
    flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5uDo8rnc5HSgBUjKVpkyiGFwAHlzbYEKBespbsu5NCWDanJx3joHSagtJnBF9DbcLaQA= U8RjJmxWZDrqSJGzX6ZjqFI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31369425 31349316 30799235 29999275 29629423=20
    28949612 28459847 28540037 29440139 29900117=20
    30099909 30569712 31099543=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 3 02:29:02 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 030227
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-030830-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0213
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1026 PM EDT Fri May 02 2025

    Areas affected...Southeast LA...Southern MS...Southwest AL...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 030230Z - 030830Z

    SUMMARY...A few clusters of stronger thunderstorms with localized
    storm mergers/interactions to increase localized spot totals to
    2-3" and low-end possible flash flooding with increased potential
    magnitude if intersecting larger urban areas.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite shows broad, strong southwesterly
    upper-level flow across Texas into the Southeast and eastern Ohio
    Valley along/ahead of stron closed low in the Central Plains.=20
    Embedded within it are a few stronger southern stream shortwave
    features enhanced/maintained by right entrance jet ascent
    patterns. One in particular exists across north-central MS moving
    quickly northeast; it is within the wake of another exiting across
    the Cumberland Plateau. This has resulted in low level convective
    activity to have bowed out eastward across N AL now starting to
    move quickly across N GA into the southern Appalachians. The tail
    end, under influence of the MS wave has angled back westward and
    is acting as an effective warm front from pre-frontal
    southwesterly flow and strengthening warm advection regime. As
    such, increased istentropic ascent of moderately unstable and
    moist air denoted by 1500 MLCAPE and 1.25-1.5" slug of enhanced
    moisture. As such a cluster of enhanced cooling tops can be seen
    over west-central AL. This cluster is slowly propagating eastward
    in a col in steering flow. This is likely to increase duration and
    storm scale interaction/mergers over the next few hours. With
    occasional rates of 1.5-1.75", localized totals of 2-3" are
    probable and may result in localized FF given the locally lower
    FFG values in the area.

    Southwestward across southern MS/LA... the fast moving shortwave
    across central MS has been resulting in increased height-falls and southeastward propagation of the active convective/effective
    pre-frontal convergence line. New activity continues to grow and
    cool within 10.3um GOES-E IR loop from eastern MS back to central
    LA where orientation once again begins to be more flat,
    east-northeast to west-southwest. Still, strong convergence and
    increased deep layer moisture up to 1.75" may allow for very
    intense downdrafts with spots of sub-hourly 1.5-2" as the line
    advances southeastward. FFG values are quite high and unless
    these cells traverse the larger urban centers across I-10/12,
    flash flooding will be less likely, but still non-zero through the
    overnight period.

    Of increasing interest is the MS and AL coastal counties, mainly
    after 06z, but a few cells have already begun to develop in the
    vicinity of far SE LA. CIRA LPW, particularly in the sfc to 850mb
    layer shows a narrow but strongly enhanced axis of moisture that
    can be traces along the western edge of a recent sub-tropical
    ridge as return flow from the Northern Caribbean tropical moisture
    source. This can be tracks through 850-700mb and totals are
    1.5-1.7" with a recent uptick as the return flow becomes
    convergent/confluent on the northwest edge of the sub-tropical
    ridge axis. This convergence into the southwesterly flow ahead of
    the approaching trof, further taps the higher theta-E of the Gulf
    too, with WAA development. This is expected to expand/rapidly
    develop near the diurnal peak of convection near 07-09z,
    intersecting with the approaching line from the northwest.=20
    Overall totals prior to 09z may not be significant, yet (likely
    peaking after 09z) the start in proximity to the coastal urban
    centers still may pose low end flash flooding and trends will be
    watched closely for subsequent MPD(s).

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_PtIFxtChj7ZM32_ZWkvIg7m0J5uetM8VXZZqRd2RzAQ5aOWSGfU4LucLousGT6atZ-9= sFQfxGIc6puhbwkrWCwofPo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33648696 33388651 33028634 32018679 31268750=20
    30308795 30208896 29828951 29789068 29959182=20
    30379235 31029202 31529096 32178988 32938889=20
    33488795 33638745=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 3 07:36:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 030736
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-031300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0214
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    335 AM EDT Sat May 03 2025

    Areas affected...Coastal Alabama...Western Panhandle of Florida...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 030735Z - 031300Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving/stationary coastal thunderstorms to be swept
    up from west to east through early morning with main pre-frontal
    convective line. Highly localized 2-4" totals are possible in
    proximity to urban centers posing possible rapid inundation
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...Regional RADAR mosaic depicts a mature convective
    line with a few bowing segments continuing to march southeastward
    across southwest AL into far southeast LA with strong
    meso-high/cold pool helping its advancement. A weak surface wave
    appears to have formed in proximity to southern MS, which seems
    plausible given strength of onshore southerly to southwesterly
    flow. Strong frictional convergence at the coast at the nose of
    an enhanced but narrow moisture plume from the mouth of the MS
    river turning more southwest to northeast toward the AL/W FL
    coastline continues to feed an expanding (eastward) convective
    line at the coast. Surface to 700mb moisture per CIRA LPW show
    values of 1.5 to 1.7" being fed by 15-25kts of flow. Warm Gulf
    air in the upper 70s to low 80s and modest steepening lapse rates
    support solid 1500-2000 J/kg of MLCAPE to maintain the stronger
    updrafts. The combination supports cells capable of 1.5-2"/hr
    along the warm advective/frictionally forced cells. While
    pre-frontal convective line is advancing sweeping up/merging along
    the way, this should result in 2-3 hours of solid rainfall prior
    to the main line sweeping through. As such, localized totals of
    3-4" are possible.=20=20

    There is a potential factor that may limit flooding impact that
    would be related to strength of cold pools from initial convection
    pressing outflow boundaries off-shore resulting in best
    convergence and downdrafts to be also offshore. Current trends
    suggest this is occurring more upstream and nearer the mixing of
    the EML downward with the main-line convection. So while the
    soils are very sandy and likely to support solid infiltration, the
    vast urban locations along I-10 from Mobile to Panama City will
    have large impermeable surfaces even up to the shoreline; and as
    such rapid inundation flooding may be possible over the next
    4-6hrs as the main line sweeps through.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-g3JI-d4aOcymSOaieVA6ljwjuWfKKzRO67QyiKkQC3TvB13PzyEWFyW698RGPQffEOd= hJB_C7K0DcwjEW_l83dHHJk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31008721 30998635 30908573 30268593 30328644=20
    30298699 30218751 30248828 30878832 30998805=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 3 18:49:19 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 031849
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-GAZ000-TNZ000-KYZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-040048-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0215
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    248 PM EDT Sat May 03 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of the TN Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 031848Z - 040048Z

    SUMMARY...Bands of heavy showers and thunderstorms will be
    impacting portions of the TN Valley going through the afternoon
    and evening hours. Some localized potential for flash flooding
    will exist where the stronger and more organized storms occur, and
    especially with somewhat moist antecedent conditions.

    DISCUSSION...The early afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery
    shows convection developing and expanding in coverage across areas
    of eastern MS up through northern AL and into middle TN. Despite
    some cloud cover which has tempered the boundary layer
    destabilization process, there has been a sufficient level of
    diurnal heating to foster MLCAPE values of near 1000 J/kg across
    eastern MS and into northern AL, with lesser values noted up
    across middle TN.

    A cold front meanwhile continues to edge off to the east as a
    deeper layer trough and closed low pivots across the middle MS and
    lower OH Valley region. The pooling of moisture and instability
    ahead of this front this afternoon and evening should continue to
    favor a general increase in the coverage of convection, although
    the activity should tend to be oriented in linear bands aligned
    with the deeper layer southwest flow across the broader TN Valley
    region.

    Additional boundary layer instability through solar insolation
    coupled with fairly strong moisture convergence near the front
    should help yield pockets of heavier rainfall rate potential that
    may reach as high as 1 to 2 inches/hour. PWs are seasonably moist
    with values of 1.2 to 1.4 inches and there is a sufficient level
    effective bulk shear (30 to 40 kts) to favor some level of
    stronger updrafts/organization for some of these heavier rainfall
    rates to materialize.

    Hires model solutions generally favor as much as 2 to 4 inches of
    rain with the stronger storms and where any brief cell-training
    occurs given the linear nature of the convection. Some localized
    1-hour and 3-hour FFG exceedance may occur as a result, and some
    locations over the broader TN Valley region did see heavy rainfall
    yesterday which has led to some moistening of the soils along with
    higher streamflows. As a result, some localized potential for
    flash flooding will exist going through the afternoon and evening
    hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7EtQmXZXqbXR8RUP2LHqsVL0HqYhd2s2e84_W4kNxEHm-KM7VjZWFeZZPBRNpRDWthBE= n93eO-qD7O1_3LEHfi4YQVI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...GSP...HUN...JAN...JKL...LMK...MEG... MOB...MRX...OHX...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...OHRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36798491 36768379 36238345 35048410 33338559=20
    32598673 32248813 32508895 33188908 34398750=20
    36038601=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 18:21:44 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 041820
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-NJZ000-PAZ000-042320-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0216
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    220 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Northeast PA...Northwest NJ...Southeast NY

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041820Z - 042320Z

    SUMMARY...Some concentrations of showers and thunderstorms are
    expected this afternoon across areas of northeast PA, northwest NJ
    and into adjacent areas of southeast NY. Persistence of locally
    heavy rainfall rates may be enough to cause some areas of flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The large scale pattern across the Eastern U.S.
    features a deep layer cyclone over the OH Valley with an occluded
    surface low structure and a stationary front that extends east
    across central to eastern PA and into southern New England. A
    relatively deep warm/moist conveyor belt is noted along the East
    Coast with an axis of 1.25 to 1.5 inch PWs oriented south to north
    from the Delmarva up across eastern PA and much of NJ.

    Cloud cover so far today has been keeping boundary layer
    instability limited, but there is a pool of MUCAPE values on the
    order of 1000 J/kg which is being aided by a southerly low-level
    jet of 20 to 30 kts and the broader warm advection regime along
    the East Coast. As it is, this coupled with convergent flow into
    the aforementioned frontal zone along with some orographic ascent
    over the higher terrain has been yielding some recent uptick and
    expansion of heavier shower activity.

    Some modest shear is noted across the region which coupled with
    some additional uptick in boundary layer instability should favor
    the potential for some additional convective expansion with some
    increase in thunderstorm activity. The latest CIRA-ALPW data shows
    rather concentrated moisture in the 850/500 mb layer and this
    should tend to favor greater rainfall efficiency with the
    convective cells that evolve this afternoon.

    Rainfall rates may reach as high as 1.5"/hour with the stronger
    convective elements and there may be some localized
    persistence/training of these cells that yield some rainfall
    totals of 2 to 4 inches. Some of the rainfall across parts of
    northeast PA, northwest NJ and southeast NY over the last 12 to 24
    hours has at least started the process of moistening up the soil
    conditions somewhat despite very dry longer-term antecedent
    conditions. The rainfall this afternoon near especially some of
    the higher terrain may be enough to encourage some runoff problems
    with a threat for some areas of flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7KOm-wGo_pfx8zDm3qfj2ktRqMErXDH34y1a5qtT_hxYPnt7351SJSgdcHuQ0bce5Jle= x8gKX-mMNmDDL_eLMAEbYbY$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...CTP...OKX...PHI...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42537392 42337345 41687359 41017412 40527492=20
    40667587 41187574 42197480=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 18:34:33 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 041834
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-050030-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0217
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    233 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...southeast and central NM and adjacent portions of
    TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041830Z - 050030Z

    Summary...Increasing shower and thunderstorm coverage will likely
    result in localized rainfall rates of 1-2"/hr with 3-6 hour totals
    up to 2-3". Isolated instances of flash flooding are possible.

    Discussion...A deep layer (700-200 mb) closed low is very slowly
    shifting southeastward over Southern CA, southwestern AZ, and far
    northwestern Mexico. An associated phased jet streak (~110 kts @
    200 mb) is progged to shift rapidly northeastward into southwest
    NM over the next several hours in association with DPVA from the
    aforementioned closed low, providing ample lift via divergence and
    diffluence within the idealized left-exit region of the jet streak
    over portions of southwestern NM by 21z. Additionally, an
    impressive pool of instability (SBCAPE of 1000-2500 J/kg) has
    built to the south over the past several hours, centered over far
    West TX (though 500-1000 J/kg has already built farther north as
    well). PWATs are a bit less impressive, ranging from 0.5-0.8"
    (still well below the typical PWAT during the height of the
    monsoon season, though highly anomalous for early May as indicated
    by ELP sounding climatology around the 90th perentile), though
    modest low-level moisture transport (via 20-25 kt LLJ @ 925-850
    mb) could bring PWATs to as high as 1.0" (near record daily values
    at ELP).

    Hi-res CAMs are in good agreement concerning the development of
    convection this afternoon, and some deeper convective cells are
    already starting to develop prior to 18z. Given the presence of
    equally anomalous effective bulk shear (30-40 kts, near the 90th
    percentile), convection is expected to become organized into
    discrete and semi-discrete clusters with localized rainfall rates
    expected to reach 1-2"/hr (particularly with any supercells that
    develop). Storm motions near 20 kts should generally limit
    residence time over any one location, though limited backbuilding
    (particularly just north and downwind of the Sacramento Mountains
    where convergence is locally enhanced from differential heating)
    may result in localized 3-6 hour totals of 2-3". These expected
    isolated totals are near the associated FFGs (at 1, 3, and 6 hour
    intervals), and sub-hourly (15-min) totals as high as 0.50-0.75"
    (as indicated by the HRRR) may also drive a localized flash flood
    threat with the limited infiltration ability of dry desert soils.
    Isolated instances of flash flooding are possible, particularly in
    sensitive or low-lying areas (such as burn scars and dry washes).

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_96BeVrpUQgP00lQgyqFLiW0XBUkP_rVpXQxloVljj3MsYXTZp3VkJt4x7DPo3uaH0UY= dk5ROzugEYwaHl-qS8sDaxU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...EPZ...LUB...MAF...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36330501 36210418 35490367 35130330 34390300=20
    33670286 32470277 31580311 31590475 32520548=20
    33100610 33780693 35500690 36200635=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 19:04:10 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 041902
    FFGMPD
    AZZ000-UTZ000-NVZ000-CAZ000-050100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0218
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    301 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Eastern CA...Northwest AZ...Southern
    NV

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041900Z - 050100Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered slow-moving showers and thunderstorms across
    portions of eastern CA, northwest AZ and southern NV today will
    pose a concern for isolated pockets of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The midday GOES-W WV suite shows a rather anomalous
    deep layer trough/closed over the Southwest U.S. which is forecast
    to move very slowly off to the east this afternoon. Cold 700/500
    mb temperatures are promoting steeper mid-level lapse rates and
    this coupled with strong boundary layer heating via solar
    insolation is already contributing to MLCAPE values of 500 to 1000
    J/kg.

    GOES-W visible satellite imagery meanwhile already shows areas of
    shower and thunderstorm activity developing and expanding over
    some of the higher terrain and adjacent deserts with some of the
    more notable cells situated over northwest AZ and edging into
    southern NV around the northeast flank of the mid-level closed
    low. Somewhat stronger southeast flow/shear across these areas is
    seen in the latest RAP analysis, and these stronger wind fields
    may tend to promote somewhat strong cellular organization.

    The PW environment for this time of the year is rather anomalous
    with PWs of locally 0.7 to 0.9 inches and this is 2 to 3 standard
    deviations above normal. Much of the moisture concentration is in
    the mid-levels of the column, but with the available instability
    and persistence of these convective cells, there may be some
    convective cells that are capable of producing rainfall rates of
    up to 1.0 to 1.25 inches/hour. Much of this rain could fall in as
    little as 30 minutes with the stronger and more organized cells.

    The 12Z HREF guidance led especially by the NAM-conest supports
    these rainfall rates, with some storm total potential of up to 2
    inches going through this afternoon. As a result, a few isolated
    areas of runoff concerns and flash flooding cannot be ruled out.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7jsiFueUTM6zjTVBmvw0DaP6LwTHPxG1dHOmvlEnixt8AkRL0OXuFNUj85eqFLqLP1Sq= A56ADuquhbcmY7-hTskCEiQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FGZ...PSR...SGX...SLC...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...CBRFC...CNRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37331443 36921363 35781303 34501328 33751401=20
    33401505 33331636 33991687 34581624 35501580=20
    36381593 37121557=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 19:11:04 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 041910
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-042300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0219
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    309 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Southeast Mainland FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 041905Z - 042300Z

    Summary...Localized training of 1-3"/hr rainfall rates may result
    in isolated 5"+ totals over the next several hours. Localized
    flash flooding is possible.

    Discussion...Deep convection has initiated over the past couple of
    hours over southeast FL, spurred by enhanced moisture convergence
    at the surface from southeasterly (onshore) flow from the Atlantic
    and rain cooled outflow from an earlier low of convection to the
    west. The mesoscale environment is characterized by SBCAPE of
    2000-2500 J/kg, PWATs of 1.7-1.9" (near the 90th percentile, per
    MFL sounding climatology), and deep layer shear of 30 kts (near
    the 75th percentile). Given recent observational trends, limited backbuilding/training appears possible in the vicinity of the
    Miami and Ft Lauderdale metro areas, with MRMS indicating hourly
    rates/totals of 1-3" with the stronger convective cells. Given the
    increasingly favorable mesoscale environment and very supportive
    parameter space (with hi-res CAMs also signaling the potential for
    localized 5" exceedance with 12z HREF 40-km neighborhood
    probabilities of 15%), localized flash flooding is possible.

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_BxV9E0Zx5b-4QINBiGrDg0fdeq-fGqPxtsyIcZ1C-y6silZ_0rR3fwJ2r_rWOlwaZXR= ymgz02oltPbts1kiTqZPYL8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26568033 26557988 25797993 25188024 25568066=20
    25998045 26448048=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 23:04:37 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 042304
    FFGMPD
    MEZ000-MAZ000-NHZ000-VTZ000-CTZ000-NYZ000-NJZ000-PAZ000-050502-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0220
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    702 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Northeast PA...Central to Southeast NY...Portions
    of Southern New England

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 042302Z - 050502Z

    SUMMARY...Concentrations of heavy and slow-moving showers will
    continue into the evening hours across portions of northeast PA,
    central to southeast NY and parts of southern New England. A
    threat for some flash flooding will continue given localized
    persistence of some of the heavier showers.

    DISCUSSION...Generally no change to the earlier MPD reasoning
    across the region. The large scale pattern across the Eastern U.S.
    features a deep layer cyclone over the OH Valley with an occluded
    surface low structure and a stationary front that extends east
    across central to eastern PA and into southern New England. A
    rather deep warm/moist conveyor belt continues to only slowly
    shift eastward with time along the East Coast, but continues to
    channel an axis of 1.25 to 1.5 inch PWs northward up toward areas
    of the northern Mid-Atlantic and southern New England.

    Radar imagery shows an area of slow-moving but locally heavy
    shower activity impacting areas of northeast PA through parts of
    central and southeast NY where recently there has been some
    rainfall rates reaching upwards of 1 to 1.5 inches/hour based on
    MRMS data. Meanwhile, with aid of the broader warm air advection
    regime, an axis of locally heavy rainfall is also noted from
    eastern NY over into far northwest MA, southern VT and southern
    NH. Much of the rainfall in general across the region is being
    aided by a combination of frontogenetical forcing and elevated
    instability. The best instability is along the front itself with
    areas of central and eastern PA seeing MUCAPE values of 500 to
    1000 J/kg.

    Some persistence of locally heavy shower activity with some
    cell-training concerns will continue into the evening hours across
    the region with rainfall rates still capable of reaching 1 to 1.5
    inches/hour where stronger convective elements near the front
    materialize. Some additional rainfall amounts of 2 to 3 inches
    will be possible locally. As a result, some additional localized
    runoff problems and flash flooding will be possible.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6ULHUzrxS2td6LtE2y5M5QBgytxA_aZ4B9cbbIBmnTpwPyYEe03qtSjl4qkavv5we0Y2= mnwA_ZlaGyXMv7DguogPcM0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BOX...BTV...GYX...OKX...PHI...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43517287 43507113 43117078 42667137 42447252=20
    41417381 41147528 41367594 42057599 43007480=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 4 23:39:37 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 042339
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-050437-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0221
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    738 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Northern WV...Western PA...Far
    Northeast OH

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 042337Z - 050437Z

    SUMMARY...A couple of bands of slow-moving, but heavy showers and
    thunderstorms may result in a few localized areas of flash
    flooding through the early to mid-evening hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar imagery shows a couple of bands of
    heavier showers and thunderstorms materializing across northern WV
    and western PA as a pool of late-day instability remains focused
    near a very slow-moving frontal occlusion. This is all associated
    with the deep layer cyclone pivoting slowly across the OH Valley.

    RAP data shows a corridor of favorable low-level moisture
    convergence along the frontal occlusion coinciding with as much as
    1000 J/kg of MLCAPE. Relatively divergent flow aloft around the
    northeast quadrant of the deep layer trough/closed low over the OH
    Valley is also yielding at least some modest deep layer ascent.

    GOES-E IR satellite data has been showing some additional
    convective cloud top cooling over the last 30 to 45 minutes and
    this has been coinciding with MRMS data showing some increase in
    rainfall rates, with some of the stronger storms yielding rates up
    to close to 1 inch/hour.

    Over the next few hours, expect a couple of relatively slow-moving
    bands of convection to continue to pivot across portions of
    northern WV, western PA and possibly getting into far northeast OH
    with at least some brief cell-training concerns that could yield
    rainfall totals upwards 1.5 to 2.5 inches. This may be enough to
    exceed the 1-hour and 3-hour FFG values locally. Therefore, a few
    localized areas of runoff problems and flash flooding will be
    possible.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6EO--QMCXgH_LExtfV52mbSZRtA2FBJENwRVtK14jMGtf7HZJtWIONfT_AUnD6hcoUwn= pBTKWafbITuQUixMqJBH79M$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CLE...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41938036 41567967 40667912 39277940 38837986=20
    38948031 39348035 40188042 40988069 41468110=20
    41908097=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 00:31:07 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 050031
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-COZ000-NMZ000-050630-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0222
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    830 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Central and Eastern NM...Portions of the Western
    TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050030Z - 050630Z

    SUMMARY...Clusters of showers and thunderstorms will continue
    through the evening hours across areas of central and eastern NM
    and edging out into parts of western TX. Heavy rainfall rates will
    continue to promote a concern for widely scattered areas of flash
    flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The late-day GOES-E IR satellite imagery shows
    several broken clusters of heavy showers and thunderstorms with
    cold convective tops impacting areas central and eastern NM into
    parts of far western TX.

    There continues to be as much as 1000+ J/kg of MUCAPE pooled
    across much of central to southeast NM which coupled with
    relatively moist low-level southeast flow should tend to maintain
    the convective threat well through the evening hours. Divergent
    flow aloft associated with left-exit region upper-level jet
    dynamics downstream of an upper trough/closed low over the
    Southwest is also yielding a corridor of deeper layer ascent for
    more sustainable clusters of convection.

    Rainfall rates with the stronger convective cells should continue
    to be on the order of 1 to 1.5 inches/hour over the next several
    hours, with some localized orographic ascent/upslope flow over the
    higher terrain favoring some of these higher rates.

    A combination of some cell-mergers and cell-training may foster
    some storm total amounts of as much as 2 to 4 inches which is
    generally favored by a consensus of the latest hires model
    guidance. This may result in some additional widely scattered
    areas of flash flooding which may occur near some locally
    sensitive burn scar locations or dry washes.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5FRLX6G8TlwU2vn9xR9JQFRAdj6CCr6qotUODNkSbsXMdAwk7Ddb2ePPECIIb6dyV_uM= yC4AKcc7Cl9VjSLhRF_B4H0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...AMA...LUB...MAF...PUB...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 37110471 36770348 35520268 33950207 32790196=20
    31890254 31730357 32220446 32920496 34270577=20
    35150681 36220683 36870611=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 02:22:20 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 050221
    FFGMPD
    AZZ000-050730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0223
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1020 PM EDT Sun May 04 2025

    Areas affected...Southwest to south-central Arizona...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050220Z - 050730Z

    SUMMARY...Very narrow updrafts in proximity to anomalously
    deep/moist upper-low will remain slow moving for highly focused
    areas of .75-1.5" totals and possible flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-W WV suite and 00z RAOB analysis depicts a
    fairly stacked anomalously deep (2.5-3.5 Std. Dev.) upper low
    centered just west of the Lower Colorado River northeast of
    Blythe. Similarly atypical moisture values exist though the deep
    low with total PWats of .75-1". RAP analysis denotes the slow
    downward trend/loss of unstable air (given loss of solar
    insolation), but an axis of steeper mid-level lapse rates but
    solid upper-40s to low 50s Tds exists across the Sonoran Desert
    toward Sun Valley and the western edges of the Mogollon Rim.=20
    General, southwest to southerly confluence in the low to
    mid-levels is providing sufficient convergence to result in some
    new destabilization/convective development in that axis from east
    of Yuma toward central Maricopa into southwest Yavapai county.=20
    The limited 500-750 J/kg CAPE and modest, even if anomalous,
    moisture is resulting in narrow updraft/downdraft cores.

    The key toward intense rain-rates and excessive rainfall potential
    is the orientation to a steering flow col within that SW-ENE
    confluence zone as the upper-low slowly wobbles/re-forms eastward.
    As such, 15-20kts of cloud base in flow of increasing moisture
    should support increased duration of .5-.75"/hr rates potentially
    resulting in localized totals up to 1.5". Given desert/hard-pan
    ground conditions, highly focused flash flooding may result and is
    considered possible through the next few hours as the cells
    exhaust/seek out the remaining instability patches.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6MnkT-lixCg6lOMDSJq5brlZIqLWIPPYF_ZtxhQYEnj5JwRO6bQJwH1PSwwCY7LRCwIr= leYeWfe0DITiCv8F0SSbX5g$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FGZ...PSR...TWC...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...CBRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34951338 34831238 34271126 33721115 32941162=20
    32321235 31841298 32131404 32401446 32951423=20
    33421390 33631383 34521396=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 07:22:15 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 050720
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-051300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0224
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    319 AM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...Northern & Eastern New Mexico...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 050720Z - 051300Z

    SUMMARY...Continued risk of regenerative thunderstorms along the dryline/surface front. Deep layer steering may support
    training/repeating locally for streaks of 2-3" totals and possible

    DISCUSSION...GOES WV suite depicts very deep (3-3.5 Std. Dev.)
    closed low generally centered in the Lower Colorado River Valley
    and is currently reorienting as very strong shortwave energy
    rotates around the western to southwestern edge of current center.
    This is elongating the overall low favorably across eastern AZ
    into much of NM to support strong divergent/diffluence pattern
    with 100-120kt jet streak rounding the base of the upper-low in NW
    Old Mexico. In also supporting/broadening updraft strength for
    any convection that does develop, it is has be strengthening solid
    moisture return through the Rio Grande and Pecos Valley through
    the southern High Plains. Strong easterly and confluent
    southeastern flow at 15-20kts exist across much of north-central
    to southeast NM.

    CIRA LPW denotes deepest moisture remains upstream across the
    western TX panhandle through the Guadeloupe Mtns with nose of
    .5-.75" sfc-850mb wedge trying to filter in. Concurrently, the
    850-700mb layer from the southeast on 35-40kts of flow (per VWP)
    is reaching .5"...reaching near 1" totals across southeast NM.=20
    EML's are steepening lapse rates to support sufficient lapse rates
    to support 500-1000 MUCAPE pooling along the stationary frontal
    boundary toward a surface low in the northern Rio Grande Valley
    north of ONM. As such, orographic ascent and localized
    convergence is sparking widely scattered thunderstorms in the
    vicinity of the frontal zone. Weak isallobaric pressure falls aid inflow/maintenance of updrafts for a few hours to over-come the
    strong effective bulk shear in the weakly unstable environment.=20
    As such, steering flow in diffluent pattern supports short-term
    training of the updrafts oriented more south to north across
    northern NM, while more SW to NE in the vicinity of the Sacramento
    Range into eastern NM. Rates of .75"/hr and 1-2 hours of
    repeating, may support localized totals of 1.5-2.5" and given
    dry/hard ground conditions has the potential to exceed the lower
    FFG values (1-1.5"/hr, 1-2.5"/3hrs).=20

    Eventually, shortwave energy will round the base and the
    associated jet will increase southwesterly flow and the frontal
    zone will start to lift east and northeast with further enhanced
    moisture flux convergence along the leading edge. This should
    help to expand overall coverage, but may limit the increased
    duration locally into the early morning hours. Isolated incidents
    of flash flooding remain possible through morning.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-EtUO_usx9PKwfcJ9pFCg0QvDAvjTAqT1L5Yom4s2sZwuoB7ZRrTKMDi9OurgtFJnyNe= 12YdwnWHsxDlpqeM0sfq4DU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...EPZ...LUB...MAF...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...CBRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36580528 36200420 35510344 34880312 33440283=20
    32370321 32280446 32710530 33670611 34260672=20
    34810764 35550787 36190745 36580654=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 18:03:54 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 051803
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-060000-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0225
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    203 PM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...central TX to middle/upper TX coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051802Z - 060000Z

    SUMMARY...Repeating and short term training of cells across
    central TX to the middle/upper TX coast may result in localized
    flash flooding through 00Z. Peak rainfall rates could be as high
    as 2-3 in/hr with isolated totals in excess of 4 inches.

    DISCUSSION...1730Z radar imagery showed a cluster of thunderstorms
    near Austin on either side of I-35, with an average cell movement
    off toward the northeast at 30-40 kt. Some new cell development
    has been observed south of ongoing cells, allowing for brief
    training with MRMS-derived rainfall of 1.0-1.5 in/hr over eastern
    Travis into Bastrop County. This area of storms was elevated,
    being forced by low level warm advection to the north of a wavy
    warm front at the surface, extending west to east across
    south-central TX. Layered PW imagery showed these storms were
    positioned along the northern edge of a surface to 700 mb moisture
    axis, drifting northward through central TX. SPC mesoanalysis and
    RAP guidance showed MUCAPE of 1000-1500 in the vicinity of Austin.

    925-850 mb winds were from the south-southeast to southeast across
    the surface warm front at 20-30 kt (VAD wind plots) from central
    to southern TX and are forecast by the RAP to translate eastward
    toward Houston through 00Z. Steering flow should take ongoing
    thunderstorms toward the northeast with more organized cells right
    of the mean wind. Meanwhile, additional development is likely to
    fill in between the ongoing activity and the surface warm front
    which is expected to lift north during the afternoon. Overrunning
    of the front and low level convergence on the nose of stronger low
    level flow (which may align with steering flow at times) will
    favor repeating cells with short term training and potential for
    rainfall rates of 2-3 in/hr. Flash flooding will be possible with
    storm totals over 4 inches on a localized basis which will pose a
    risk of flash flooding, with the greatest threat over urban
    locations due to relatively high 3-hr flash flood guidance values
    of 3 to 5 inches.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_P0YKSKTL1gBtls5rF98gmbdey2EVPC3rWrgH2gGbCZnOs0wj-JR92VvuRDltHfx9usZ= H9YRdgB0Dr9f3m-5LimiX_c$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...EWX...FWD...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31119726 31079636 30629535 30219460 29649428=20
    29089435 28779486 28549571 28469634 28469740=20
    28909836 29479873 30169871 30869804=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 18:49:25 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 051849
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-060045-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0226
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    248 PM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern Mid-Atlanitc and central
    Appalachians to Lake Erie

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051846Z - 060045Z

    SUMMARY...Training of showers and thunderstorms from the northern
    mid-Atlantic and central Appalachians to the southern shore of
    Lake Erie may result in isolated to widely scattered areas of
    flash flooding through the early evening. Rainfall rates of 1-2
    in/hr are expected.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite and regional radar imagery from
    1830Z showed scattered showers and thunderstorms extending from
    northern VA into northern MD, northwestward into PA, western NY
    and eastern OH. These showers/storms were located northeast of a
    closed mid to upper-level low over the OH Valley with low level
    southeasterly flow advecting moisture northwestward across the
    region. Broadly diffluent flow aloft was in place to the northeast
    of the closed low, helping increase synoptic scale lift over the
    region. Blended TPW imagery showed that PW values ranged from ~1.4
    inches to the southeast over northern MD to ~0.7 inches over
    eastern OH. SPC mesoanalysis data from 18Z showed MLCAPE was
    generally weak at 500-1000 J/kg with cloud cover or lower moisture
    values limiting instability to some degree.

    However, flash flood guidance values across a large portion of the
    region were about 1.0 to 1.5 inch/hr or slightly less and
    similarly oriented low level and mean steering flow wind vectors
    were supportive of repeating cells. While 925-850 mb winds were
    generally weaker than the mean steering flow, low level axes of
    confluence will support lines of showers/thunderstorms with a
    tendency for cell repeating and short term training. The
    environment is supportive of 1-2 in/hr rainfall rates and some
    indications from the RAP support a minor increase in the low level
    flow toward 00Z which could help increase the threat for
    backbuilding cells. The flash flood threat is expected to be
    isolated to widely scattered in nature through 01Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5oAZZoUG6T6lXFWX2bavNkkIop7hDyh3OEZYuiq2yvTJqWYyxIdpojuROOjp1jn922bT= V5YYqct6A3hLdFr_6NuhPeQ$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BUF...CLE...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42437874 41107743 40007715 39257740 38697812=20
    38777907 39138020 39888046 40198103 40628153=20
    41728134 42258003=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 19:27:47 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 051926
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-060045-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0226
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    323 PM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...portions of northern Mid-Atlanitc and central
    Appalachians to Lake Erie

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 051846Z - 060045Z

    SUMMARY...Training of showers and thunderstorms from the northern
    mid-Atlantic and central Appalachians to the southern shore of
    Lake Erie may result in isolated to widely scattered areas of
    flash flooding through the early evening. Rainfall rates of 1-2
    in/hr are expected.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite and regional radar imagery from
    1830Z showed scattered showers and thunderstorms extending from
    northern VA into northern MD, northwestward into PA, western NY
    and eastern OH. These showers/storms were located northeast of a
    closed mid to upper-level low over the OH Valley with low level
    southeasterly flow advecting moisture northwestward across the
    region. Broadly diffluent flow aloft was in place to the northeast
    of the closed low, helping increase synoptic scale lift over the
    region. Blended TPW imagery showed that PW values ranged from ~1.4
    inches to the southeast over northern MD to ~0.7 inches over
    eastern OH. SPC mesoanalysis data from 18Z showed MLCAPE was
    generally weak at 500-1000 J/kg with cloud cover or lower moisture
    values limiting instability to some degree.

    However, flash flood guidance values across a large portion of the
    region were about 1.0 to 1.5 inch/hr or slightly less and
    similarly oriented low level and mean steering flow wind vectors
    were supportive of repeating cells. While 925-850 mb winds were
    generally weaker than the mean steering flow, low level axes of
    confluence will support lines of showers/thunderstorms with a
    tendency for cell repeating and short term training. The
    environment is supportive of 1-2 in/hr rainfall rates and some
    indications from the RAP support a minor increase in the low level
    flow toward 00Z which could help increase the threat for
    backbuilding cells. The flash flood threat is expected to be
    isolated to widely scattered in nature through 01Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7ash_-YrVg9-HmJOfkJNSKwXzW6mVwXXl1y78FanFERR4KeCRFwGXVp981GV7fwADlFJ= wMa5Jxe3gm5I0s6RlRrAnhs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BUF...CLE...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42437874 41107743 40007715 39257740 38697812=20
    38777907 39138020 39888046 40198103 40628153=20
    41728134 42258003=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 5 22:39:36 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 052239
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-NCZ000-DCZ000-WVZ000-060300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0227
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    638 PM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...portions of eastern VA into the DMV and far
    eastern WV

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 052235Z - 060300Z

    Summary...Training convection will be capable of hourly totals of
    1-3" with short-term (3-hr) totals as high as 2-4". Isolated to
    scattered instances of flash flooding are possible (and may be
    locally significant in sensitive urban/mountainous terrain).

    Discussion...Radar and GOES-East satellite imagery indicate the
    proliferation of convection across portions of eastern VA/NC over
    the past several hours, moving fairly rapidly (~25 kts) towards
    the N-NE within nearly unidirectional flow on the eastern
    periphery of a large, deep layer (850-200 mb) closed low centered
    over IL/IN/KY. The mesoscale environment in the vicinity and
    downstream of the aforementioned convection is characterized by
    SBCAPE of 1000-2000 J/kg, PWATs of 0.8-1.3" (between the 75th and
    90th percentile, per IAD sounding climatology), and deep layer
    (0-6km shear) of 20-40 kts (per 22z SPC SFCOA analysis). The
    strongest cells have been capable of impressive instantaneous
    rainfall rates of 3-5"/hr (per MRMS estimates), which has resulted
    in estimated hourly rainfall totals of up to 2.5" (where deeper
    convective cells have been able to occasionally train, mainly to
    the east of I-95 in eastern VA).

    Recent hi-res CAMs have not handled the evolution of convection
    particularly well, and recent observational trends (including
    continued overshooting/cooling cloud tops via GOES-East imagery)
    suggest that localized hourly totals of 1-3" will continue to
    manifest farther north (into the more sensitive DMV region) with
    storm propagation (as a pool of 1500-2000 J/kg of SBCAPE remains
    untapped). While both of the hourly updating CAMs (HRRR/RRFS) are
    handling the convection poorly, the 18z HREF suite does still give
    a good idea of the potential for excessive rainfall through 03z
    (with 40-km neighborhood probabilities for 2" and 3" exceedance of
    20-30% and ~10%, respectively). Given locally sensitive terrain
    (per FFGs as low as 0.75-1.50" and 1.50-2.50" for 1-hr and 3-hr
    periods, respectively) over urbanized terrain along and near I-95
    and over portions of the Appalachians in the vicinity of northern
    VA, western MD, and far eastern WV, isolated to scattered
    instances of flash flooding are possible (and may be locally
    significant, should 2-4" totals occur over the most sensitive
    localities).

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6dfyBFfZ7lIgNjsTCMzn8e7-k6qb3VAuAVNx0xL5na-fLggLrUtAcLowcrkE6wezFkVC= SbWHtIKcv95cd5dDCOkUzKI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...CTP...LWX...RAH...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39827743 39597667 39037647 37767669 36447699=20
    36217739 36777738 37437742 38277778 39617833=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 02:48:04 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 060247
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-NMZ000-060830-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0228
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1047 PM EDT Mon May 05 2025

    Areas affected...Central & Eastern NM...Cap Rock & Northern
    Permian Basin of TX...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060245Z - 060830Z

    SUMMARY...Streaks of thunderstorms with repeating flanking line
    development will become increasingly efficient with moistening
    profiles. Increasing rates to 1.5-1.75" with 1.5-3" totals
    resulting in widely scattered incidents of possible flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...GOES WV continues to show fairly static deep upper
    low across east-central AZ with trof extending southward as
    stronger 120-130kt 250mb jet undercuts it resulting in broad
    downstream diffluence across the Southern High Plains into W TX.=20
    An embedded vorticity center can be seen near the SW Heel of NM
    starting to sharpen, ready to lift northeastward providing even
    further mid to upper level forcing through strong DPVA. As a
    result a strong 995-6 surface low exists in the vicinity of the
    Davis mountains with a strong 50-60 Td gradient across it in less
    than a few miles. This dryline extends north toward an
    intersection with old stationary front between CNM and GDP (which
    extends along the Sacramento Mtns toward ABQ and southeastward
    across the Pecos Valley toward ECU/ERV. Isallobaric response in
    the lowest levels is supporting very strong convergence along the
    axis of both the dry line and stationary front providing very
    solid moisture and instability transport, with 40-50kts of
    southeasterly flow off the Rio Grande Valley into the W Texas
    Panhandle; PWs are trickling into the 1.25" range and capped 2000+
    J/kg CAPE (a subsequent MPD may be required if/when cap breaks
    across southern Permian/Pecos River Valley).

    North of the front/dryline intersection, flow is backed further
    out of the east-northeast to northeast at similar 20-40kts from
    surface to boundary layer. The flux into the front is pooling to
    .75-1" PW and support a narrow ribbon of 1000 J/kg as far north as
    ABQ. As such, strong thunderstorms have been developing along the
    stationary front and given deep layer steering, have been lifting
    north (further west) and northeast (across the northern Permian
    Basin to southern Cap Rock).=20

    Given the upstream forcing remains upstream, the surface response
    has locked the front and these localized convergence maxima to
    support back-building or flanking redevelopment that generally
    follow similar paths. Initially, large hail and gusty winds have
    been the primary factor, but the continued flux and rainfall has
    been locally moistening the profile and increasing rainfall
    efficiency. Combine this with continued expanding divergence
    aloft, upscale growth into clusters and 'wedges' in satellite
    appearance will increase, though the source/redevelopment regions
    will decouple as the DPVA and FGEN ascent lifts north and
    northeast. As such, rates up to 1.5"/hr will become possible and
    with training/repeating, streaks of 1.5-3" will become more likely
    across north-central NM into the Cap Rock.=20

    AHPS 7-10 precipiation anomalies show much of these areas have
    seen well above normal rainfall (200-400%) and NASA SPoRT 0-40cm
    soil saturation graphics denote this as well rising into the
    70-80th percentiles, especially further north and east across the
    Cap Rock into the Big Country. As such, scattered incidents of
    flash flooding should become possible through the overnight
    period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6PKildUX1RhiAHTlcMe9ccRmpalpVifABwVk08lPLvwyKfNKcyUYuNQJlLxz22CWuTJS= wc46mBXOFov0C6cHXb7mjyE$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ABQ...AMA...LUB...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36450534 36050360 34950147 34260051 33360001=20
    32649996 32180013 31740065 31700321 32100423=20
    33790521 34500562 35210638 36040636=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 05:07:54 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 060507
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-060930-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0229
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    107 AM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...Stockton & Edwards Plateau of Western Texas...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060505Z - 060930Z

    SUMMARY...Continued risk of regenerative thunderstorms along the dryline/surface front. Deep layer steering may support
    training/repeating locally for streaks of 2-3" totals and possible

    DISCUSSION...GOES WV suite depicts very deep (3-3.5 Std. Dev.)
    closed low generally centered in the Lower Colorado River Valley
    and is currently reorienting as very strong shortwave energy
    rotates around the western to southwestern edge of current center.
    This is elongating the overall low favorably across eastern AZ
    into much of NM to support strong divergent/diffluence pattern
    with 100-120kt jet streak rounding the base of the upper-low in NW
    Old Mexico. In also supporting/broadening updraft strength for
    any convection that does develop, it is has be strengthening solid
    moisture return through the Rio Grande and Pecos Valley through
    the southern High Plains. Strong easterly and confluent
    southeastern flow at 15-20kts exist across much of north-central
    to southeast NM.

    CIRA LPW denotes deepest moisture remains upstream across the
    western TX panhandle through the Guadeloupe Mtns with nose of
    .5-.75" sfc-850mb wedge trying to filter in. Concurrently, the
    850-700mb layer from the southeast on 35-40kts of flow (per VWP)
    is reaching .5"...reaching near 1" totals across southeast NM.=20
    EML's are steepening lapse rates to support sufficient lapse rates
    to support 500-1000 MUCAPE pooling along the stationary frontal
    boundary toward a surface low in the northern Rio Grande Valley
    north of ONM. As such, orographic ascent and localized
    convergence is sparking widely scattered thunderstorms in the
    vicinity of the frontal zone. Weak isallobaric pressure falls aid inflow/maintenance of updrafts for a few hours to over-come the
    strong effective bulk shear in the weakly unstable environment.=20
    As such, steering flow in diffluent pattern supports short-term
    training of the updrafts oriented more south to north across
    northern NM, while more SW to NE in the vicinity of the Sacramento
    Range into eastern NM. Rates of .75"/hr and 1-2 hours of
    repeating, may support localized totals of 1.5-2.5" and given
    dry/hard ground conditions has the potential to exceed the lower
    FFG values (1-1.5"/hr, 1-2.5"/3hrs).=20

    Eventually, shortwave energy will round the base and the
    associated jet will increase southwesterly flow and the frontal
    zone will start to lift east and northeast with further enhanced
    moisture flux convergence along the leading edge. This should
    help to expand overall coverage, but may limit the increased
    duration locally into the early morning hours. Isolated incidents
    of flash flooding remain possible through morning.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_N5fE4wFHlpDy96aRX6nu7dP0VdlmSqvAb_Yw_c5WL_QNHt1YAOzA3rEqzY6z0l5Je8t= xE_-6y1JfoCsrcGbzSqoLFg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...MAF...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32369992 32079938 31449903 30729857 30019832=20
    29339841 29129956 29160073 29750195 29830241=20
    31290348 31600310 31720173=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 05:58:30 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 060556
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-PAZ000-061100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0230
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    155 AM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...Central PA...West Central Upstate NY...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060555Z - 061100Z

    SUMMARY...Additional 1-2" of rainfall in 1-2 hours across recently
    saturated soils and low FFG pose possible localized flash flooding
    over next few

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV shows an eastward extension of the deep
    upper low, extending across WV into central MD providing increased
    downstream DPVA ascent and a localized increase in low level WAA
    across MD into central PA. 05z surface analysis shows the cold
    front remains fairly banked up along the front range/Blue Ridge of
    the Appalachians into central PA connecting to a triple point
    south of BFD, with warm front bisecting PA just north of SEG
    toward the Lehigh Valley. Along with the slight increase in LLJ
    to 30kts, increased low level moisture is bringing back 1.0-1.25"
    total PWats and some weak instability about 250-500 J/kg. Solid
    southwesterly flow along/behind the cold front further strengthens
    FGEN ascent through the area. As such, recent RADAR and 10.3um
    EIR show increasing shallow convective cells across the
    Mason-Dixon line from RSP to DMW, but extend northward through
    much of the warm sector in central PA.=20

    Deep layer steering along/ahead of the cold front will support
    training of cells; with 1"/hr rates, so with length supportive of
    1-2 hours of training across a narrow axis. This may result in an
    additional 1-2" in less than 2hrs across areas that already had
    some heavy rainfall this afternoon, especially further north into
    south-central NY. The combination over saturated ground
    conditions and 1-3hr FFG values of .5-1.25 and .75 to 2,
    respectivly; suggest flash flooding may be possible through the
    remainder of the overnight period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-8E8PW1DctycXKrVsVpd_vZmgHagG0EasYre2KnqTLi3IRhMNVCwo-EnfuHBRiQU2hY5= 2uceGZ-a4oCqFIZwB6JsG6Q$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BGM...BUF...CTP...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 42997787 42947738 42617691 42077658 41467649=20
    40697655 40457662 39757688 39907774 41387840=20
    42187861 42717843=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 08:00:55 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 060800
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-OKZ000-061400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0231
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    400 AM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...TX Big Country through Hill Country...Adj Ext
    Southweset OK...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 060800Z - 061400Z

    SUMMARY...Broad area of ascent across much of TX ahead of
    anomalously deep closed low exiting the Southwest. Scattered
    incidents of flash flooding possible with localized 2-3" totals
    across recently saturated grounds/low FFG.=20

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV shows core of 3-3.5 Std Dev. closed low is
    finally starting to translate eastward given upstream kicker
    resulting in very broad downstream diffluence/divergence area to
    shift out of the High Plains into the Big Country and eastern
    Edwards Plateau. A convectively reinforced shortwave is starting
    to shear along the northeast quadrant of the low and pivot into E
    NM still providing an axis of 700mb isentropic ascent/WAA channel
    to maintain elevated convection/broadening moderate shield
    precipitation across the Rolling Plains into the Big Country and
    Red River Valley. Activity is scattered and generally lighter
    with occasional embedded cores capable of 1"+/hr rates but
    increased duration over greatest saturated soil conditions (where
    precip anomalies are 300-500% of normal and remain in the upper
    90th percentiles of saturation). As such, limited infiltration
    will result in some enhanced run-off, but likely be limited in
    coverage to those random/scattered elevated cores.

    Southward into the Edwards Plateau/Hill Country...
    A broad/strong axis of DPVA ahead of the main height-falls is
    maintaining the 999mb low near/south of MAF, the stationary front
    is starting to lift northeast as a warm front ahead of the low and
    the dry line across the Western TX Panhandle is shifting eastward
    increasing moisture convergence ahead of it. Warm moist winds out
    of the Rio Grande Valley continue to advect 1.3-1.5" total PWats
    (loaded mainly below 850mb) will continue to be highly confluent
    even as they veer more southerly/southwesterly over the next few
    hours. Higher unstable air with MUCAPE of 2000+ j/kg will
    isentropically ascend across the front and maintain stronger thunderstorms/clusters along the boundary as they shift eastward.=20
    Rates of 2"/hr are probable, though 1.5" may fall in 15-30 minutes
    given 06z HRRR forecast and given some upstream cells may allow
    for two rounds and/or flanking line repeating/training resulting
    in spots of 2-3.5" totals mainly near/just north of the front
    across the Edwards Plateau toward the Hill country. This area has
    experienced less heavy rainfall than further north, so soil ratios
    are much more supportive of infiltration, but the shear intense
    rates have a solid probability to result in scattered incidents of
    flash flooding through daybreak.=20

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7jvy40uk_yP6qavLrS7B8BTO2TlHZvozSU9W7QSATtW51-SLaPcRVIgE48RDaXPMvNd_= 1v873evK1qD3ceg9b2Wuy_E$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...LUB...MAF...OUN...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34689941 34119755 32869680 31409681 31019684=20
    30319715 29989767 29939885 30480069 30920171=20
    31550195 32830212 34090165 34610071=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 13:35:59 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 061335
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-061931-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0232
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    935 AM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...South-Central and Eastern Texas

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 061331Z - 061931Z

    SUMMARY...Increasing thunderstorm coverage, including scattered
    supercells, along a lifting warm front are expected to congeal
    with thunderstorms from an eastward moving cold front to produce
    locally 3"+ rainfall amounts. Flash flooding is possible with the
    potential for locally considerable impacts through early this
    afternoon should the heaviest rainfall occur over vulnerable urban
    locations.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV depicts clearly a deep closed low sliding
    over the southern High Plains and producing broad ascent
    throughout the south-central U.S., amplified by the nose of a
    110kt upper jet reaching over the Concho Valley per the 12z RAP
    analysis. At the surface, a lifting warm front is evident in
    recent METAR observations throughout southern and eastern TX,
    between Austin and San Antonio at 12z. It is along and just north
    of this boundary where the greatest potential for discrete
    supercells are possible before quickly merging with an approaching
    line of storms along the advancing cold front through 17z-19z.
    MRMS highlights current storms of producing locally up to 2"/hr
    rainfall rates, but as these storms expand, these rates will
    likely cover a larger area and more likely to lead to flash
    flooding impacts. However, as this line moves further into eastern
    TX by midday, eastward progression will slow as flow becomes more
    uniform out of the west-southwest along a stalled out boundary,
    supporting back-building cells. This places areas near College
    Station on eastward toward the TX-LA as having the greatest
    potential for locally considerable impacts. It is this area where
    the 06z HREF depicts 20-40% chances for 3"+ amounts through 18z,
    with heavy rainfall likely continuing after 18z.

    Recent HRRR runs highlight hourly totals of 1-4" through 19z,
    which would occur within somewhat compromised terrain and where
    FFG of 1-3" per 1-hr and 2-4" per 3-hr exists. This seems
    reasonable given the current radar representation and environment
    given the widespread 1.6-1.9" PWATs.

    Snell

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_sKp8n-_lEUQ1ndcNPGAbBu9V6SjnW0wAQiPckGXesc-S7ZqaGS6YwrPty21mIlV4j7v= -C4i0rZvbrGGcT6IS6HXeTA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...SHV...SJT...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32079586 31999507 31479479 30729510 29959613=20
    29569780 29659907 30049937 30589896 31429763=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 15:03:58 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 061502
    FFGMPD
    ARZ000-TXZ000-OKZ000-062101-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0233
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1102 AM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...Northern Texas and Southern/Central Oklahoma

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 061501Z - 062101Z

    SUMMARY...Broad area of moderate rainfall with embedded
    thunderstorms and heavier rates could lead to scattered flash
    flooding with more widespread nuisance flooding through this
    afternoon.

    DISCUSSION...Strong ascent continues east of the closed low moving
    over the southern Rockies/High Plains, while a squall line pushes
    eastward across Texas. Ahead of this squall line, some scattered
    supercells are possible within an elevated warm sector and MUCAPE
    of 1,000-2,000 J/kg. Rainfall rates per MRMS have generally
    remained below 1.5"/hr, but this area along the Red River Valley
    has experienced saturated ground conditions as of late. NASA SPoRT
    LIS 0-40 cm soil moisture percentiles are generally in the 70-95th
    range (lower in northeast TX and southeast OK). The longer
    duration of moderate to heavy rainfall (pockets of 1-2"/hr)
    expected through this afternoon could lead to localized flash
    flooding where terrain and ground conditions are most susceptible.
    However, even where flash flooding does not occur, nuisance
    flooding and ponding of water in fields/near roads is possible.

    Recent HRRR runs depict 3-hrly totals up to 1.5" possible in the
    highlighted MPD area, with some locations already recording
    0.5-1.0" since 12z. 3-hrly FFGs in the area are less than 2.5"
    from a line between DAL and OKC on westward, with eastern sections
    of the MPD highlighted by 3-hrly FFGs of 3-4". PWATs over the 90th climatological percentile extend northward to the Red River, with
    values over 1.7" into north-central TX ahead of the squall line.
    Storms developing in this region of better moisture and strong
    southern 850mb flow of 40-50kts in eastern TX will surge northward
    overriding a mid-level warm front and add to the heavier mostly
    stratiform rainfall through this afternoon with embedded
    convection leading to the isolated flash flooding threat.

    Snell

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9B6RyaImxVjtm_rl5c2NVrCOKRqLJV7RCP9EAg9HiM7eL_6loYdf1QLCvdsUxZTAN5Y9= zn6ERw2ALiY27yiVNUzEu58$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FWD...OUN...SHV...TSA...

    ATTN...RFC...ABRFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35749821 35669728 35289629 34679517 33979440=20
    33049444 32309547 31729684 31179826 31569863=20
    32439795 33399804 34689881 35379879=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 16:27:59 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 061626
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-NJZ000-PAZ000-MDZ000-062225-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0234
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1226 PM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...Northern Mid-Atlantic into the Interior Northeast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 061625Z - 062225Z

    SUMMARY...Developing convection this afternoon is expected to
    repeat over areas of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic where recent
    rainfall has lowered flash flood guidance. Isolated rainfall
    totals over 2 inches could lead to scattered areas of flash
    flooding, with the most likely impact along the NY-PA border and
    nearby areas.

    DISCUSSION...A closed low over the Upper Ohio Valley continues to
    churn and usher in broad southerly flow along the East Coast.
    PWATs are highest along the immediate East and into New England,
    where values range from 1.0-1.2" and near the 90th climatological
    percentile, but the greater mix of instability and shear exists
    just to the west from central New York to northern Maryland. Here,
    GOES-E visible imagery depicts broken cloud cover allowing for
    SBCAPE to increase over 1,000 J/kg in southeast PA, which
    coincides with where the deepest convection has developed over the
    last hour.

    Thunderstorms are expected to continue building (although
    scattered in nature) over the next few hours as instability
    continues to grow and expand northward. However, a focus in
    convection is possible along a weak frontal boundary/convergence
    axis. All of this activity will become more widespread in
    northeast PA/southern NY by about 20z once a shortwave rounding
    the base of the upper trough very quickly pushes over the recent.
    This increased ascent may allow for rainfall rates to approach
    2"/hr and broader coverage of moderate rain, but more importantly
    impact areas prone to flash flooding due to recent rainfall. NASA
    SPoRT LIS 0-40 cm soil moisture is above 98th percentile for much
    of northern PA and NY. This goes along with 3-hr FFG under 2"
    (even as low as 1" in localized areas). The 12z HREF highlights
    impressive probabilities for exceeding this FFG along the PA-NY
    border just west of Binghamton by 21z this afternoon. Will
    continue to monitor rainfall rates in case the need for more considerable/significant language is needed this afternoon.

    Snell

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-zNr3KN6SDSE3JVMvQf89LMxtvDfaG9b8QSlF8tlYXJ27koKS-_KrG0f7Nw3b8vVNQKI= 0XNDivRwfvuLdpmKBO-7DY8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BUF...CTP...LWX...OKX...PHI...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43647667 43467564 42937467 41957436 40827468=20
    40007534 39507640 39807705 40867721 41787734=20
    42837786 43467764=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 19:00:32 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 061900
    FFGMPD
    MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-070059-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0235
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    259 PM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...Eastern Texas and Louisiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 061859Z - 070059Z

    SUMMARY...Organized line of thunderstorms with hourly rates up to
    3 inches expected to continue sliding eastward while additional
    merging cells along a warm front increase the potential for 5 inch
    totals, likely resulting in areas of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E CH9 WV loop this afternoon depicts a
    picturesque upper low churning over the southern High Plains with
    an expansive area of increased ascent extending to the east and
    north, with a well-organized line of thunderstorms entering
    eastern TX along a cold front. Additionally, a surface warm front
    extends eastward from the squall line across southern LA, with
    low-to-mid 70s dew points south of the front and 60s north. PWATs
    continue to creep upward and are generally 1.7-2.0" in the
    highlighted area, but will continue to rise above 2.0" across a
    larger region of the central Gulf Coast per the RAP. The 06z ECWMF
    highlights these values as exceeding the 99th percentile when
    compared to climatology.

    Rainfall totals up to 3 inches have been observed from this line
    near Round Rock, TX and are expected to maintain or increase in
    intensity through this evening given the increasing moisture and
    daytime instability being advected northward. Helping this
    northward advection is a potent 40-50kt 850mb jet extending into
    eastern TX as of 18z.

    Recent HRRR runs support the potential for hourly rates up to 3
    inches and 5 inch totals, with the 12z HREF highlighting
    widespread 20-50% chances for 3-hrly totals greater than 3 inches
    in the MPD area. Although, the HRRR has been developing too much
    leading convection compared to current radar data. Outside of the
    eastern extent of the Texas Triangle, where 3-hrly FFGs are under
    3 inches, much of LA does have elevated FFG that could inhibit the
    initial impacts of heavy rainfall. However, for southern sections
    of LA along the warm front, thunderstorms are anticipated to
    remain less progressive and oriented more west-east (similar to
    the mean wind) by this evening. Current convection near Baton
    Rouge shows this potential for slow-moving warm frontal storms
    that may continue and congeal with the approaching line. Scattered
    flash flooding is likely within this area, with greatest potential
    for significant impacts where convection is slower to progress on
    the southern flank from east-central TX through central LA.

    Snell

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-We7JFvC5PFF4_SXBouUY-5YNdCX72TI3auSt4vVsjxP_mBdDrWVhnm6KBf_JWkZnUsw= FXB_NfnIRJ93335YRP7QMxw$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...EWX...FWD...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33209438 33169319 32189208 31309121 30619057=20
    30039088 29969184 29989302 29949431 29799642=20
    30279701 31309620 32449527=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 22:34:06 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 062233
    FFGMPD
    NYZ000-NJZ000-PAZ000-070400-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0236
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    633 PM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...central NY to PA/NJ border

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062230Z - 070400Z

    SUMMARY...Isolated to widely scattered areas of flash flooding
    will remain possible across a broad section of Upstate NY down to
    the PA/NJ border through 04Z. Peak hourly rainfall up to 1.0-1.5
    inches (especially early on) will be likely on an isolated basis.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery at 2230Z showed that a broken line of showers/thunderstorms extended from near Syracuse to the NY/PA/NJ
    border. A mesoscale axis of low level convergence to the west of
    Syracuse has resulted in a localized area of hourly rainfall in
    excess of 2 inches (north of Skaneateles) with surrounding
    locations in and around central NY to northeastern PA, in the 1-2
    inch range (in 60 minutes). Water vapor imagery showed a
    well-defined, negatively tilted shortwave trough swinging toward
    the north over eastern PA, to the east of a mid to upper-level low
    center over northwestern PA. Flow ahead of this feature was
    strongly diffluent, aiding in lift within a weakly unstable
    airmass (500-1000 J/kg MUCAPE), though infrared cloud tops have
    been warming over the past hour.

    Through 04Z, the shortwave spoke is forecast to lift northward
    into central NY, sending the broken convective line toward the
    north and east into the Catskills and Hudson Valley. There is a
    low end threat for south to north training as the line advances
    east, though advection of drier and more stable air into the
    region from the southwest should lessen this the heavy rain/flash
    flood threat with time over eastern portions of NY.

    Over central NY, weaker deeper layer mean flow will continue to be
    supportive of slower movement of heavy rain cores with the ongoing
    axis west of Syracuse expected to advance off toward the northeast
    over the next couple of hours. Meanwhile additional heavy rain may
    move in from the south through 04Z with peak rainfall rates
    lowering into the 0.5 to 1.0 in/hr range as instability diminishes
    with the loss of daytime heating. An additional 1-2 inches of rain
    (locally a little above 2 inches over central NY) is expected on a
    localized basis which may linger the flash flood threat for
    another few hours over northern PA/NJ into NY.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_LvscJ0LH-UgyPdloWrQuY7y05MIaWEhDEJIGMQ_pYpb6LHRx8KqcVMcpWRivSBxpmce= GgvFt0X17xKLAfj9WEjC7ag$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BTV...BUF...CTP...OKX...PHI...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 44567573 44147450 43527391 42747368 41367401=20
    41047446 41057510 41407572 41577626 41877770=20
    42487817 43287778 44027718 44467636=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 6 23:25:36 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 062325
    FFGMPD
    AZZ000-NVZ000-CAZ000-070500-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0237
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    724 PM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...eastern CA, southern NV, western AZ

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 062323Z - 070500Z

    SUMMARY...An increasing coverage of thunderstorms across portions
    of eastern CA, southern NV and western AZ over the next 2-4 hours
    will be capable of flash flooding. Rainfall of 0.25 to 0.50 inches
    in 15 minutes and storm totals of 1-2 inches are expected on a
    spotty basis.

    DISCUSSION...GOES West water vapor imagery placed a closed
    mid-level low over south-central NV at 23Z, advancing slowly to
    the south. The approach of this low and its southern elongation
    into CA has allowed low level winds to shift from a northerly
    direction this morning to southwesterly to its south, increasing
    low level theta-e values into the lower Colorado River Valley. The
    combination of surface heating and low level moisture advection
    has increased MLCAPE values into the 500-1000 J/kg range from
    southern NV into eastern CA and western AZ via the 23Z SPC
    mesoanalysis. Visible satellite and radar imagery showed a few
    thunderstorms along the NV/AZ border, co-located with severe and
    flash flood warnings. Visible satellite imagery also showed
    developing cumulus over eastern CA with a few early thunderstorms
    over the Mojave Desert.

    Continued low level moisture advection into eastern CA and western
    AZ is expected to allow for marginal increases in an already
    highly anomalous moisture axis (standardized PW anomalies of +3 to
    +4). Mean westerly deeper layer flow of roughly 10 kt from the
    west will be co-located with similarly oriented and slightly
    stronger 700 mb winds which will be likely to support repeating
    cells and brief upwind propagation of cells. Rainfall rates within
    this environment should be easily capable of producing 0.25 to
    0.50 inches of rain in 15 minutes or less, which could result in
    some flash flooding of low lying areas and normally dry washes.
    Storm total rainfall of 1 to 2 inches is expected through 05Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_vfrOuTSTuZgQ-GHE-ivVTl3OphkUUwxyfxnNfyUUGizRv3bkOVdE4RQ_dz8I94WsHce= E2p9xS2vDy1dJ_bBFPPiV5I$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...FGZ...PSR...VEF...

    ATTN...RFC...CBRFC...CNRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 36511331 36321268 35751210 35141165 34561186=20
    33541272 33011382 33031480 33761571 34501618=20
    35261582 35671479 36481378=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 7 01:12:36 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 070112
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-ARZ000-TXZ000-070700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0238
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    911 PM EDT Tue May 06 2025

    Areas affected...southeastern TX into LA and central/southern MS

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 070110Z - 070700Z

    SUMMARY...Areas of heavy rain will continue a significant flash
    flood threat across portions of south-central LA into MS through
    07Z. Hourly rainfall in excess of 3 inches will be possible along
    with additional rainfall of 5 to 8 inches. These higher end
    rainfall totals could result in life-threatening conditions.

    DISCUSSION...Radar mosaic imagery at 0045Z depicted widespread
    thunderstorm coverage from western MS into central and southern
    LA, with a narrow tail of thunderstorms extending into the TX
    Coastal Plain. A weakening bowing segment was observed to be
    crossing into western LA with warming cloud tops over the past
    hour while a persistent area of cooling cloud tops has been
    observed from near JAS (far southeastern TX) to near and south of
    AEX (south-central LA), co-located with the low level overrunning
    via ~50 kt of 850 mb flow. The region from Newton County to
    Beauregard Parish has experienced hourly rainfall in excess of 3
    inches since 21Z and has MRMS-derived rainfall of 4-6 inches over
    the past 3 hours ending 00Z.

    As a pair of convectively induced mesoscale circulations, located
    on either side of the southern AR/MS border, advance toward the
    northeast within the 700-500 mb flow, the axis of strongest 850 mb
    flow will slowly advance east toward the LA/MS border through 06Z.
    While some weakening of the low level flow is anticipated, the
    northern portion of the convective cluster should advance into MS,
    while the southwestern flank will be slower to advance downstream,
    being met by developing thunderstorms atop the front and
    rain-cooled air over southern/southwestern LA. Training of heavy
    rainfall axes will continue to be capable of hourly rainfall in
    excess of 3 inches beneath a strongly diffluent flow pattern
    aloft.

    23Z and 00Z WoFS guidance showed a small region of 40 to 70+
    percent probabilities of 5+ inches over portions of south-central
    LA into southwestern MS over their 6-hr forecast range. Using the
    90th percentile output as a reasonable localized high-end of
    additional rainfall potential, 7 to 8 inches could fall over
    portions of south-central LA into southwestern MS. These rains
    could result in locally considerable to life-threatening flash
    flooding through 07Z.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5KvbH6KyYdXaEI4BJ3SYIUlQ0NGVWIFaENOeKFRvjmaYcL7R2nUdfe9UObPxozDAKxkr= 7NOGiCQoCKZjKZ4GDySURV4$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HGX...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...SHV...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33678915 32628814 31348806 30648844 29938955=20
    29529136 29479306 29539384 29429464 29759479=20
    30529442 31439328 33139156 33569059=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 7 06:45:08 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 070644
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-071300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0239
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    243 AM EDT Wed May 07 2025

    Areas affected...Central Gulf Coast...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 070700Z - 071300Z

    SUMMARY...Mature MCS starting to weaken with reduced inflow, but
    embedded intense rates of 2"/hr will continue to over-run frontal
    zone and repeat over saturating soils along I-10 maintaining
    likely rapid inundation flooding concerns through daybreak.

    DISCUSSION...GOES-E WV suite shows very large, anomalous closed
    low over the Southern Plains with large mature MCS well displaced
    at the far eastward extent of its influence. Given the broadening
    of the larger cyclone, the mid to upper-level forcing is
    diminishing as the jet slowly reduces in speed and responding
    winds in the lower levels continue to weaken in turn. While they
    are weakening, the strength and orientation remain sufficient to
    maintain the complex throughout the remainder of the overnight
    period with ideal split in dual jet structure with 100 kt jet
    lifting northeast across NE TX into TN, while the subtropical jet
    (60-70kt) ridges ideally, bending southeastward across the western
    to central Gulf providing excellent divergence/evacuation for to
    maintain the MCS.

    The MCS's MCV is over eastern-MS but is slowly shearing along the
    SW to NE flow and low level winds are veering across the central
    Gulf, reducing orthogonality of LLJ to the leading squall line
    across S MS into far SE LA. Source of greatest instability and
    enhanced moisture also resides upstream into the northwest Gulf,
    so the fast moving, but intense rain-rates will further reduce
    overall totals crossing into S AL/W FL though scattered incidents
    of sub-hourly 1.5-2" remain possible and urban flooding concerns
    remain.

    The greater concern remains upstream across western LA into
    central LA, where outflow from aforementioned bow is starting to
    lay flat west to east southeast LA, and perhaps align with the
    slowly sagging cold front. Currently, surface to boundary layer
    flow remains orthogonal to the boundary-combining front; but 850mb
    flow is already veering less orthogonal out of the SW to WSW. The
    jet is also expected to reduce in magnitude from 30kts toward
    15kts by 10z, reducing upglide ascent. Given the Gulf remains
    very warm, MLCAPEs of 2000-3000 J/kg will remain with deep moist
    profile support 2-2.25" total PWats. So while flux may reduce,
    the unstable environment will support scattered development from
    SW LA across south-central LA with capability of 2"/hr rates.=20
    Cells will once again cross saturated/flooded areas and maintain
    ongoing flooding conditions through morning, with slow improvement
    as scattered cells further reduce to isolated. Still pockets of
    additional 3-4" totals are probable through 12z and so flooding
    remains likely especially along of I-10 in LA.=20

    Note: Low level flow environment is going to slack for a time
    toward the end of the valid time; however, there is an upstream
    shortwave that will trail the right entrance of the exiting
    upper-level jet streak AoA 12z and appears to be triggering
    convection west of the Lower Rio Grande Valley currently; this
    will slide eastward and increase lower level flow/convergence
    again with another shot of thunderstorms. Will continue to
    monitor those trends closely.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6aKIpgWB3RtxG-We4i4LuB0Kxg2gwwiQMiQUe5d2tQO0QhHK3OWgvtDBrbc0wkoiDQrx= Uv4OHBbemTT4k2L6O_hSZ2o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31948811 31928756 31708670 30978638 30348665=20
    30038832 29588882 28978910 28938994 28999089=20
    29179129 29399197 29629301 29699363 30019361=20
    30419304 30899189 31349021 31828881=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 7 11:19:51 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 071119
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-071505-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0240
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    719 AM EDT Wed May 07 2025

    Areas affected...Middle to Upper Texas Coasts

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071118Z - 071505Z

    SUMMARY...Repeating heavy rain along stationary front over Middle
    to Upper Texas Coasts this morning. Embedded intense rates of
    2"/hr will continue over the next few hours with localized
    additional rain >4" and flash flooding possible immediately inland
    from the coast, but south of Houston proper.

    DISCUSSION...Ample Gulf moisture has surged back over the coast
    along a stationary front stretching from Matagorda Bay to the
    coastal border with Louisiana. Deep layer SWly flow around an
    centered over western OK is parallel to a stationary front along
    the coast which is limiting previous progression into the Gulf.
    This analysis is not seen in recent RAP runs which depict the
    front having pushed into the Gulf. So the 2" PW axis remains along
    the coast where the heavy rain is occurring. This moisture,
    combined with 2000 J/kg MUCAPE has allowed a line of heavy
    thunderstorms to develop.

    The SWly flow will allow motion in the orientation of the activity
    as fresh air moves in from the Gulf allowing redevelopment. KHGX
    has 1hr rainfall estimates of 1.5-2"/hr near Matagorda Bay to
    southern Brazoria County. Redevelopment ahead of a multi cell
    cluster just north of Matagorda Bay at 11Z, associated with a
    surface low, will continue allowing repeating heavy activity and
    the potential for 4" locally through about 14Z. This area has high
    FFG, so any flash flooding should be limited to urbanized areas.
    Since the front is quite strong, expect the heaviest activity to
    remain south of Houston proper, but should a concern for the
    Galveston area until the surface wave passes, shunting activity
    into the Gulf.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8SQNAKllMapIppT-eBOrPiOtp9w_sXB27hiOCgaLyrJyX2V9ZJdnew30CgQTsPdK2ssD= myYd3bPGNVZ4FG_PPvzsSCk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CRP...HGX...LCH...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 29829384 29679382 28949496 28489622 28909658=20
    29399543 29699465=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 7 12:54:11 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 071254
    FFGMPD
    LAZ000-TXZ000-071805-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0241
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    853 AM EDT Wed May 07 2025

    Areas affected...Southern Louisiana

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 071250Z - 071805Z

    SUMMARY...Continued repeating heavy rain through midday for far
    southern Louisiana. The focus is pushing into the Gulf, so the
    flash flood threat is considered possible, including for New
    Orleans.

    DISCUSSION...A stationary front remains over southern Louisiana,
    though outflow is noted from regional radar as pushing into the
    Gulf. There remains a heavy rain focus along the frontal boundary
    south of I-10 with rainfall rates around 1.5"/hr from KLCH and
    KHDC. This is despite IR GOES imagery depicting warming cloud tops
    over the past couple of hours.
    There is quite a PW gradient over southern LA with values of 1.75
    to 1.9" south of I-10 with an east-west gradient to instability
    with more over southwest LA (1500-2000 J/kg) vs southeast (around
    1000 J/kg). Deep layer SWly flow around 25kt with upwind
    propagation to the east will keep activity moving along the
    frontal boundary to in or near New Orleans over the next few hours.
    Southwest LA has been spared from the heavy rain of the past day,
    so this activity is moving into less susceptible areas (though
    NOLA is perpetually susceptible). The main flash flood threat
    through midday is for urbanized areas.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8H4X-GGB03tGW4Unu-S0YcXi5ZhWcY1HXPTD2CEfoOWP21S3iY3LlgGsXTRd83nQdg8d= Qy1nNOrA21L-PtNzZEtMNWs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LCH...LIX...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 30199118 30139021 30168943 29938900 29528952=20
    29098988 28979079 29319211 29519320 29599375=20
    29809393 30029345 30169261=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 8 17:24:28 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 081724
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-KYZ000-INZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-082322-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0242
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    122 PM EDT Thu May 08 2025

    Areas affected...portions of the Lower Ohio Valley and Tennessee

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 081722Z - 082322Z

    Summary...Slow-moving showers and thunderstorms are producing
    spots of 1-1.5 inch/hr rain rates at times across southern
    Illinois. These rates should continue, with storms translating
    slowly eastward toward central Kentucky and Middle Tennessee
    through 23Z/6p CDT.

    Discussion...A combination of factors was contributing to a
    focused area of convective development across western areas of the
    discussion area (from southern IL through northwestern TN) over
    the past couple hours: 1) insolation/surface destabilization
    occurring beneath a slow-moving mid/upper low over Missouri and 2)
    convergence along a synoptic front extending from near SAR
    east/northeast to ILN. Mid-level flow fields are relatively weak,
    resulting in slow-moving and weakly organized convection that has
    exhibited multiple cell mergers at times. Moisture/instability
    profiles are supporting areas of 1-1.5 inch rain rates beneath the
    most persistent convection and merging cells, which was resulting
    in areas of FFG exceedance especially where heavier rates have
    persisted for more than an hour.

    Models/obs suggest that the area of convection will gradually
    translate eastward mainly across Kentucky and Tennessee over the
    next 6 hours or so. Occasional cell mergers/spots of FFG
    exceedance are expected on an isolated basis. The combination of
    both propagation and newer downstream development of convective
    activity suggests that a modest increase in flash flood potential
    should occur from western Kentucky eastward through the I-65
    corridor, with central KY/middle TN risk peaking from 19Z onward.

    Cook

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4fCaYm9r0ehHkR4D9l6qqwC_5q7d8tDwYx0CkCOgAFh7NQs0zbI5vhWrbNC0-JfsdeLx= 5L4WgRG7ZH8HeV9vbfa1kFk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ILN...ILX...IND...JKL...LMK...LSX...MEG...OHX...
    PAH...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...NCRFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39278510 36568497 35828675 35698910 36469000=20
    37109006 37798970 38798762=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Thu May 8 20:33:31 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 082033
    FFGMPD
    MEZ000-MAZ000-NHZ000-RIZ000-VTZ000-CTZ000-NYZ000-NJZ000-PAZ000-090130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0243
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    432 PM EDT Thu May 08 2025

    Areas affected...southern NY into southern/central New England

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 082030Z - 090130Z

    Summary...Isolated to widely scattered areas of flash flooding
    will be possible across parts of southern NY into southern/central
    New England through late evening. Hourly rainfall of 1-2 inches
    with localized totals between 2 and 3 inches will be possible with
    activity likely diminishing in coverage and intensity after
    sunset.

    Discussion...20Z visible satellite and radar imagery showed
    scattered showers and thunderstorms in the vicinity of a wavy
    stationary front analyzed from coastal ME into southern
    NY/northern NJ. Earlier breaks in cloud cover and daytime heating
    have allowed for the development of weak instability (MLCAPE up to
    and locally in excess of 500 J/kg along the front over southern
    New England via SPC mesoanalysis). GPS data showed PWATs were
    modest, hovering near 1 inch but cell motions should be a bit
    slower, somewhere between 10-20 kt from the southwest.

    The coverage of showers and thunderstorms is expected to increase
    within the corridor between the front and a sea breeze boundary
    over southern CT into RI over the next couple of hours. The front
    is also forecast by the RAP to sweep southward, west of a surface
    low in east-central MA. Cell mergers, subsequent outflow and brief
    training with similar cell movement and boundary orientations
    could support a few spots with hourly rainfall between 1-2 inches
    and perhaps storm totals between 2 and 3 inches prior to expected
    dissipation after the loss of daytime heating.

    The expected total rainfall is certainly on the low side, but it
    may fall somewhat quickly atop a region of the Northeast which has
    seen 200 to 400+ percent of average rainfall over the past 7 days,
    leaving soil moisture values above average. This fact, combined
    with the urban nature of the region and rush hour could result in
    isolated to widely scattered instances of flash flooding over the
    next 3-5 hours.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!87id6Yox9IhGQA9HdHtf3d_vLLf1C6f81DsThCFm63wkFilMFkRxMEhyLrC0EKCFEKV9= 4GX2HSU5d-3iJR46ZAZywZ8$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...ALY...BGM...BOX...GYX...OKX...PHI...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...NERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 43377142 43217065 42647056 41757136 41257259=20
    40927338 40577412 40657450 40757467 40967485=20
    41227493 41747460 42637294=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 9 00:16:03 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 090015
    FFGMPD
    TXZ000-090345-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0244
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    814 PM EDT Thu May 08 2025

    Areas affected...southern TX

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 090012Z - 090345Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding will be possible across
    portions of southern TX with high rainfall rates of 2-3 in/hr and
    isolated totals of 3-5 inches over the next 2-4 hours.

    DISCUSSION...Radar imagery through 00Z showed an uptick in
    thunderstorm coverage to the northwest of Corpus Christi across
    the I-37 corridor where outflows were merging. Upstream, a pair of
    thunderstorm clusters were advancing toward the ESE from the Rio
    Grande between Eagle Pass and Laredo, co-located with an MCV-like
    feature, as well as a cluster just east of I-35 near Cotulla. The
    environment over southern TX was unstable with 500-2000 J/kg
    MLCAPE although pockets of CIN were present near the coast from
    earlier storms via SPC mesoanalysis data.

    It appears probable that lift out ahead of the east-southeastward
    advancing circulation/convective clusters to the west and
    divergent/diffluent flow aloft, will continue to encourage
    convective development downstream. Following a general ESE motion
    over the next 2-4 hours will support cell mergers and occasional
    slow propagation which could support high rainfall rates of 2-3
    in/hr and perhaps localized totals of 3-5 inches through ~04Z over
    portions of southern TX. Due to relatively high FFG values across
    southern TX, any flash flooding that develops would likely be tied
    to impervious surfaces tied to towns/cities within the path of the
    advancing clusters of heavy rain.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6KB8RRc3fnDIWuIC2LQoVX5D0kGRB3lGvSlUEWloEYUuAae8J6BPPBS64skxZMEN9VDh= rHMH93A0OSkO0bOlOr8RvVc$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BRO...CRP...EWX...

    ATTN...RFC...WGRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 28999961 28779793 28609693 28279665 27789692=20
    26899732 26859836 26909945 27399975 27860010=20
    28160046 28590042=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 9 03:11:34 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 090311
    FFGMPD
    NCZ000-SCZ000-GAZ000-TNZ000-090700-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0245
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1110 PM EDT Thu May 08 2025

    Areas affected...southwestern NC, northwestern SC and northern GA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 090300Z - 090700Z

    Summary...Continued localized rainfall rates up to 1-2"/hr may
    train and repeat over the same areas over the next several hours,
    likely resulting in isolated to scattered instances of flash
    flooding (with short-term totals of up to 3-5").

    Discussion...Ongoing convection over the TN/NC/GA/SC border region
    is tending to align in a west-to-east training axis, along an
    effective low-level front (most pronounced at 1000-925 mb, per
    SPC's SFCOA 02z analysis, but also apparent from 925-700 mb). This
    low-level convergence is being driven by inflow/moisture transport
    from the S-SW (10-20 kts from 925-850 mb), which is isentropically
    ascending over rain-cooled outflow from earlier storms (and is
    most apparent in the surface theta E gradient which ranges from
    336K to the south to 324K to the north across the MPD).
    Significant upper-level divergence is complementing the low-level
    convergence, as the region is located near a phased jet structure
    in the right-entrance region of a ~90 kt jet streak centered near
    the Delmarva and the left-exit region of an increasingly defined,
    broader jet streak spanning much of the Deep South (with the
    latter becoming more of the primary influence over time).
    Otherwise, the mesoscale environment is characterized by MUCAPE of
    500-1000 J/kg (plenty sufficient on its own, and possibly
    underselling the influence of slantwise instability via isentropic
    ascent), precipitable water values of 1.1-1.4 inches (between the
    75th and 90th percentile, per GSO sounding climatology), and
    effective bulk shear of 30-40 kts.

    While convection should have the tendency to propagate towards
    towards the southeast over the course of the night (out of the MPD
    area and into sandy soils beyond the fall line into the coastal
    plain of SC/GA), there may be a several hour period where
    convection trains from west-to-east near the aforementioned
    effective front (as the upwind propagation vector, subtracting the
    850 mb flow from the mean flow of the cloud bearing layer,
    supports more due easterly storm motions parallel to the effective
    front, as observational trends indicate backbuilding of cells over
    the GA/TN/NC border region). Some of the most recent hi-res
    guidance (00z ARW/ARW2 and select recent runs of both the HRRR and
    experimental RRFS) indicate the potential for localized 3-5"
    totals (driven by rainfall rates of up to 1-2"/hr, per both
    observational trends and hi-res model data). With FLASH CREST unit
    flow data already indicating localized instances of flash flooding
    ongoing, expect areal coverage of flash flooding to expand over
    the next several hours (with isolated to scattered instances of
    flash flooding being likely, given 3-hr FFGs generally ranging
    from 2.0-3.0" and the increasing likelihood of training
    seagmants).

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4_Jt7mYsymeIj8vFAihyPIwAgiiRq7m7doaZpWVaYwt19kPJ-VVpS9FacR02mtsnY5oU= wUMwCuLdsP2BL2ibItKfuMU$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...FFC...GSP...MRX...RAH...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35638217 35548068 35247990 34538040 34098097=20
    33728220 33988352 34338519 34818538 35098492=20
    35328380=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 9 17:17:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 091717
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-LAZ000-092215-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0246
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    116 PM EDT Fri May 09 2025

    Areas affected...Southeastern Louisiana and the Central Gulf Coast

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 091715Z - 092215Z

    SUMMARY...Heavy rain threat for southeast Louisiana through the
    central Gulf Coast continues through this afternoon. Convergence
    of ongoing activity over southern Louisiana that should lift
    northeast raises a localized flash flooding threat for vulnerable
    areas including Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, and Mobile.

    DISCUSSION...A positively tilted upper trough over the Mid-South
    this afternoon is providing broad scale moisture advection to the
    Central Gulf Coast. A pair of surface lows over southwest and
    southeast LA have slow-moving heavy thunderstorms that are
    producing 2-3" in two hours per regional radar and rain gauges.
    Continued low level 15-20kt southerly flow between these features,
    MLCAPE of 500-1000 J/kg, and lift from the right entrance region
    of an 80kt jet to the north should allow further development to
    the east/north which includes the I-10 corridor and vulnerable
    metro areas.
    This area has seen 2-5" rainfall over the past few days with
    saturated soil helping vulnerability to extend somewhat beyond the
    typical vulnerable urban areas from Lafayette to Mobile. Flash
    flooding is considered possible through this afternoon with
    additional threats this evening as the system slowly shifts east.


    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6lgD9AHtQs1kP2SuZ2Cs0-dpGYAHCKR2GdmZrbRJczfbfRYdLoyz8GRCum46ue79gM6W= 5WckfwUznojRbEbbJe-GvPk$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAN...LCH...LIX...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31028791 30868695 30338721 30058826 29898918=20
    29448957 29179016 29549171 29999255 30449211=20
    30669095 30809024 30938888=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Fri May 9 20:19:46 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 092017
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-100115-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0247
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    416 PM EDT Fri May 09 2025

    Areas affected...FL Panhandle...Far Southwest GA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 092015Z - 100115Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving thunderstorms across portions of the FL
    Panhandle and far southwest GA over the next several hours may
    result in isolated areas of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar imagery continues to show several
    slow-moving areas of thunderstorms across portions of the FL
    Panhandle and far southwest GA. The convection has been forming
    over the last couple of hours in close proximity to a frontal zone
    draped across the region. A rather substantial pool of moisture
    and instability is focused along this boundary with MLCAPE values
    of locally near 1500 J/kg and PWs of 1.6 to 1.8 inches.

    An upper-level trough upstream approaching the central Gulf Coast
    will tend to favor some downstream upper-level divergence
    downstream over the FL Panhandle going through the remainder of
    the afternoon and into the early evening hours. This coupled with
    the favorable thermodynamic environment should tend to favor
    convective sustenance over the next several hours near the front
    where this is also a corridor of at least modest moisture
    convergence.

    There will be some potential for backbuilding and training of
    convective cells, and especially with some modest increase in the
    low-level flow expected near the front. The presence of
    smaller-scale cold pools/outflow boundaries will also tend to act
    as secondary catalysts for regenerating convective cells.

    Recent RRFS guidance has been tending to handle the ongoing
    convective cells rather well, and suggests some localized 3 to 5
    inch rainfall totals going through early this evening which will
    be supported by rainfall rates of up 2 to 2.5 inches/hour.

    Isolated areas of flash flooding will be possible as a result and
    especially if any of these stronger storms and heavier rainfall
    rates focus over the more urbanized locations.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6S39g1jTilYW1hSyyOiUBx7BDpsR9RRGNv3D8FIg2HPmTgOw-nv9hQILHvGnWGOz5qCe= koBR8IRBMK3CAtNgtzq_EIM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...JAX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31108480 30988355 30768312 30478315 30258435=20
    30208561 30398702 30858723 31058636=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 10 06:05:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 100604
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-101200-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0248
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    203 AM EDT Sat May 10 2025

    Areas affected...portions of far southern AL/MS into the FL
    Panhandle

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 100600Z - 101200Z

    Summary...Localized rainfall rates of up to 2-3"/hr may result in
    short-term totals of 5"+ through 7am CDT. Isolated instances of
    flash flooding are possible (and could be locally significant over
    more sensitive low-lying and metro areas).

    Discussion...A deep layer (surface to 500 mb) vertically tilted
    cut-off low is becoming more convectively active over the past few
    hours near the low-level (surface to 850 mb) center (just offshore
    southeast LA and southern MS). GOES-East infrared imagery depicts
    cooling cloud tops in association with this recent deep
    convection, though a rainband farther east (within the core of the
    warm conveyor belt) has maintained more impressive cold cloud tops
    with occasional overshooting tops. Both areas of convection are
    only just beginning to come ashore, though lapse rates remain
    unimpressive both in the vicinity of the convection and well
    onshore of both areas (max 2-6 km lapse rates of less than 7deg
    C/km). That said, a corridor of increasing instability (+300-600
    J/kg) is evident over the past several hours in association with
    the convection near the core of the low-level center (with little
    change so far in instability farther east into the FL Panhandle).
    CIRA composite advected layer precipitable water (PWAT) imagery
    depicts a clear increase in low-level PWAT (sfc-850 mb and 850-700
    mb layers), pivoting around the center of the low-level
    circulation (with both NEXRAD VWP and GOES Derived Motion Wind
    Vectors (DMW) indicating 15-25 kt flow around a well-defined
    surface circulation from an ideally placed ~330z ASCAT pass).
    Total PWATs range from 1.7-1.9 inches (between the 90th percentile
    and max moving average, per LIX sounding climatology), and
    low-level moisture transport and convergence (iscentropically
    ascending) is also being complemented by upper-level diffluence
    (also evident in NEXRAD VWP and GOES DMW between 400-250 mb) with
    deep layer (0-6 km) shear of 30-50 kts.

    The latest hi-res guidance (00z HREF suite, 18z REFS suite, and
    more recent runs of both the HRRR and RRFS) generally indicates
    the potential for extreme localized rainfall rates (2-3"/hr) with
    resulting isolated totals of 3-6"+ through 12z. The spatial
    disparities in these high QPF totals are relatively wide, but have
    come into better agreement (with 00z guidance onward) in depicting
    the greatest potential for localized 5"+ totals in the vicinity of
    the low-level center (confined to far southern portions of MS/AL,
    possibly extending into the far western FL Panhandle). This is
    consistent with the most recent observational trends, and 00z HREF
    40-km exceedance probabilities for 5" are indicated to be as high
    as 10-20% (with corresponding 100-yr ARI exceedance probabilities
    of 5%). Given the high uncertainty in the manifestation of these
    localized extreme rainfall rates/totals (which are largely
    conditionally dependent on localized backbuilding of convection
    near the low center), isolated instances of flash flooding are
    considered to be possible. Given the proximity to relatively
    sensitive low-lying and urbanized metropolitan areas (with 3-6
    hour Flash Flood Guidance as low as 1.5-2.0"), locally significant
    flash flooding is also possible.

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4IwHcuJaidVMrh3-h8vB5amiBRsLWyUx5QUfof5c6c67F5wN5s7RgdhJTfIW49aXw5w5= vCEGlp7VOPbfPrbzIZT0-60$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LIX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 31188815 31148755 31018700 30838646 30788588=20
    30688535 30578502 30398468 30088453 29828468=20
    29588498 29708537 30048582 30268632 30278684=20
    30238745 30238749 30198859 30228915 30548913=20
    30878871=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 10 17:58:06 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 101757
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-102256-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0249
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    156 PM EDT Sat May 10 2025

    Areas affected...Florida Panhandle into Alabama and Georgia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 101756Z - 102256Z

    SUMMARY...Repeating thunderstorms moving north from the eastern
    Florida Panhandle into Alabama and Georgia rest of this afternoon
    may result in localized flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...A multi-cell thunderstorm cluster with hourly
    rainfall rates of 1.5-2"/hr has developed from the eastern FL
    Panhandle through far southeast AL per regional radar. This
    activity expanded in the past couple of hours from an isolated
    supercell in a renewed warm conveyor belt lifting from the Gulf
    east of an upper low centered over southern MS. PW of 1.75" and
    MLCAPE >1500 J/kg in this axis will enable further development.
    Strong southerly flow from the Gulf around 35kt and a warm frontal
    boundary across this axis will allow this development to continue
    to be along the axis, causing repeating heavy thunderstorms and
    thus a flash flood risk.

    Recent HRRR runs depict a risk of 2-4" rainfall over the next few
    hours. Areas in the eastern FL Panhandle received 3-5" rainfall
    since last night where vulnerability is greater. Areas in
    southeast AL/southwest GA have only received around an inch of
    rain over the past week and are less vulnerable. Localized flash
    flooding will be possible where the most repeating occurs and over
    more urbanized locations.

    Jackson

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6v2Of1QKyUsGiQVxQasG5djFuXW-5FiQn-JiuEL1vbyS9JUyzfIH2by-rIHK_9oApbcC= BF6AYr7kb-JLgam2nLru60w$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...FFC...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32938504 32498415 31098441 29608515 30198600=20
    30888589 31978595 32728564=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 10 19:22:27 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 101922
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-110120-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0250
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    321 PM EDT Sat May 10 2025

    Areas affected...Central/Eastern MS...Western /Central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 101920Z - 110120Z

    SUMMARY...Some focused areas of heavy rainfall from slow-moving
    and locally training showers and thunderstorms may result in at
    least isolated areas of flash flooding heading through the
    afternoon and early evening hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E visible satellite imagery shows a
    fair amount of clearing across central and southern AL with strong
    solar insolation ensuing. This is destabilizing the boundary layer
    with the latest RAP analysis showing a nose of MLCAPE values of
    500 to 1000 J/kg already nosing up around the northeast flank of
    surface low pressure over eastern MS.

    The greater instability is over much of southern AL, but with
    additional surface heating and convergent deep layer flow
    associated the slow-moving upper-level low/trough over the South,
    there should be a corridor of higher instability that wraps up
    across areas of central AL and into eastern MS which will be in
    close proximity to a frontal occlusion.

    Slow-moving bands of heavy showers and thunderstorms are expected
    to evolve over the next several hours which will be supported by
    divergent flow aloft around the northeast flank of the closed low
    and the presence of frontal convergence and increasingly favorable thermodynamic environment.

    Rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour are likely with the stronger
    convective cells, and with slow cell-motions and some training
    concerns, there may be some rainfall totals of 3 to 4 inches that
    materialize with potential for spotty heavier amounts. This is
    generally consistent with the 12Z HREF guidance which shows a 40%
    to 60% chance of 6-hour rainfall totals exceeding 3 inches across
    portions of west-central AL, with somewhat lower probabilities
    into eastern MS.

    Given the moist antecedent conditions that are in place and these
    additional rainfall totals going through the early evening hours,
    at least some isolated areas of flash flooding will be possible.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5bzox7HEe9SRMJoOJek5nXeEKsflhzJYE_YpTLDDpxADiviCG7Ua5ZQubEz9Bw8sSTUH= vnIHOVIqIwDOI8gkNGIXRog$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...MEG...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33908817 33668730 32918671 32118670 31848758=20
    32368861 32079004 32219078 33019082 33529025=20
    33848945=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sat May 10 22:22:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 102221
    FFGMPD
    GAZ000-110420-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0251
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    620 PM EDT Sat May 10 2025

    Areas affected...Central GA

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 102220Z - 110420Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving supercellular MCS cluster over central GA
    may result in sufficiently high enough rainfall rates for some
    isolated flash flooding concerns this evening.

    DISCUSSION...A long-lived supercellular MCS cluster moving
    gradually through central GA continues to remain very
    well-organized and has been tending to gradually track a tad to
    the right over the last few hours as it begins to interact with a
    warm front draped west to east across the region.

    Much of the convection is aligned with a rather strong instability
    gradient with as much as 1500 J/kg of MLCAPE pooled along the
    front. Meanwhile, there is favorable shear in place with 0-3 km
    effective bulk shear values of 30 to 40 kts which is playing a
    role in maintaining the supercell character of the convective
    mass. PWs across the region are quite moist with values of as much
    as 1.6 to 1.7 inches and this is running a solid 1.5 to 2 standard
    deviations above normal.

    Rainfall rates are impressively high with dual-pol radar showing
    hourly rainfall totals reaching 1.5 to 2.5 inches. The slow
    cell-motions overall with this activity are yielding heavier
    3-hour totals that have been on the order of 3 to 4+ inches based
    on MRMS data.

    Over the next few hours, the HRRR and RRFS guidance suggest a
    continuation of well-organized clusters of strong convection
    impacting areas of central GA with high rainfall rates that are
    likely to still reach 1.5 to 2.5 inches/hour. The HRRR guidance
    this evening in particular shows some back-building cells around
    the southwest flanks of the convection in association with a
    persistently moist southerly low-level jet of 30 to 40 kts, and
    this may help drive small-scale focused areas of heavier rainfall
    amounts that may reach 5+ inches.

    The 18Z HREF and 12Z REFS ensemble suites both suggest at least
    low-end probabilities (20% to 30%) of seeing the 3-hour FFG values
    exceeded going through 03Z/11 PM EDT. Therefore, at least an
    isolated threat for flash flooding is expected to exist this
    evening across central GA, with the more urbanized locations at
    greatest risk for impacts.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4EXeqx2txJ9LjwExBFkX8L-ph7QLv6NombxP22FJV4jHUoQAHF591i3PpAhrj2JnJ681= kqqYG-RYeI9OQXYdnAoCeM0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33608236 33228194 32548200 31958269 31748353=20
    31718430 32268464 33188397 33578319=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 11 11:33:34 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 111133
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-GAZ000-ALZ000-111530-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0252
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    732 AM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Florida Panhandle into Southeast Alabama

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 111132Z - 111530Z

    SUMMARY...
    Locally heavy rainfall with rates over 3 inches per hour remain
    possible through the morning as training storms line up along a
    stationary front. Ongoing flash flooding likely to worsen...

    DISCUSSION...
    A surface stationary front and a large nearly stationary upper
    level low will act as the forcing mechanisms for continued deep
    convection over a portion of the Florida Panhandle into
    southeastern Alabama this morning. The front is drawing very moist
    air with PWATs to 1.8 inches northward on a 20-30 kt SSE flow at
    850. A shortwave rounding the southeastern periphery of this low
    is likely further enhancing convective development as the storms
    take advantage of convective instability caused by a very dry air
    mass aloft overtopping the very moist air mass near the surface.

    The latest HRRR runs are capturing the current convective setup
    across this region fairly well, and suggest for the next 4 hours
    or so that the training line of storms will continue moving almost
    due north into the Florida Panhandle and continuing into
    southeastern Alabama. A few other CAMs suggest that the storms may
    drift east with time, but the rate of eastward movement is
    uncertain and so far hasn't materialized yet...though developing
    convection offshore to the east of the line may try to drift west
    and merge with the storms, likely disrupting the training, even if
    temporarily.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6Qx4T2Dt7eNyw0jDLWUrpjPC1bzRw5q8wkFXji2OlPVWrNpTn2jH6AYeCgC_6m20mmkp= 1bc7Pf433r1SEiqeOxPJKrM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...MOB...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 32018570 31928516 31858506 31598478 30698458=20
    30208466 29638485 29638525 29958549 30188589=20
    30368639 30378634 30738631 31198627 31858610=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 11 15:33:03 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 111532
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-GAZ000-112131-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0253
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1131 AM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Eastern Georgia into Southwestern South Carolina

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111531Z - 112131Z

    SUMMARY...
    A slow-moving line of training thunderstorms has developed across
    eastern Georgia. Flash flooding will be possible as rainfall rates
    with the strongest cores up to 3 inches per hour.

    DISCUSSION... A nearly stationary line of storms has developed
    across eastern Georgia in a north-south line. A moisture gradient
    has set up in a pseudo dry line but in the mid levels based on 850
    mb SPC mesoanalysis. On the dry side the dewpoints are as low as
    6C over central Georgia, whereas on the moist side they're as high
    as 13C. Thus, this is a robust gradient of moisture over the area.
    The storms have formed on the moist side of that gradient, which
    appear unlikely to move much over the next several hours. This
    will support the potential for multiple hours of heavy rain over
    the area.

    HRRR and RRFS model simulations of reflectivity suggest the storms
    will persist into the afternoon hours across this area, although
    the behavior of individual heavy rain cores will vary through this
    period. One of the biggest points of uncertainty is how the line
    of convection will behave once the storms entering far southern
    Georgia from the Florida Panhandle reach the latitude of the line
    of storms in eastern Georgia. Assuming the mid-level dry line
    weakens or dissipates as the storms tracking from Florida
    approach, this should diminish the local forcing allowing the
    storms to stay in place, resulting in an overall weakening of the
    storms and a lessening flash flood threat. However, the RRFS
    suggests that with daytime heating in full swing, that more storms
    may form along the coast and result in a new training line
    potentially linked to the sea breeze or the frictional gradient
    along the coast resulting from the predominant onshore
    southeasterly flow.

    While 12Z FFGs in the area of these training storms are around 3
    inches in an hour and 4 inches in 3 hours, the latter criterion
    could very well be exceeded with the persistence of thses storms
    over the next few hours. Flash flooding is possible.

    Wegman

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_Oe3WXUCUFQaahADO9ociChMaAxsZC1GLrH26bZKgdabaOUdu7XkMBHVOf-OqpxgawPf= giZemuLia3jKuIYmtmn32nA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...JAX...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 33888267 33868195 33528151 33078117 32518097=20
    32028124 31188169 30938256 31538343 32088362=20
    32448358 32968346 33448303=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 11 19:33:27 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 111932
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-120130-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0254
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    331 PM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Central to Southeast MS...Central and Western AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 111930Z - 120130Z

    SUMMARY...Developing bands of showers and thunderstorms will tend
    to expand in coverage going through early this evening. Some
    cell-training with heavy rainfall rates and also moist antecedent
    conditions will favor a threat for isolated to scattered areas of
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The mid-afternoon GOES-E visible satellite imagery
    shows a developing CU/TCU field across much of central to
    southeast MS and through western AL as diurnal heating/solar
    insolation work to destabilize the boundary layer in close
    proximity to a frontal occlusion. In fact, LightningCast data
    coupled with radar imagery does show convective initiation taking
    place with a few small-scale bands of convection beginning to
    organize over eastern MS and western AL

    A deep layer trough/closed low continues to pivot across the lower
    MS Valley, and this deep layer cyclonic flow coupled with the
    improving thermodynamic environment should support developing and
    expanding bands of convection going through the early evening
    hours.

    MLCAPE values have risen to as much as 1000 to 1500 J/kg with
    3-hour CAPE differentials of 600+ J/kg and this coupled with an
    expected increase in moisture convergence near the frontal
    occlusion should set the stage for convection that will be capable
    of producing rainfall rates of 1 to 2 inches/hour along with
    concerns for cell-training given the unidirectional deep layer
    cyclonic flow.

    The most recent 12Z HREF guidance along with recent HRRR and RRFS
    solutions support the potential for some bands of convection to
    produce rainfall amounts through early this evening of 2 to 4
    inches. These rains coupled with the moist and locally wet
    antecedent conditions will favor a setup that may yield isolated
    to scattered areas of flash flooding and especially where any
    cell-training occurs.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!40BjZmTCG-9k0PUnZylJS3HLlMlPI7F1UH2yybxvcJhEmxLuuA96ZBvrUiEJdAZB7IeN= QVFwNqII89Kx2OxixplWu0A$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...MEG...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34438949 33938803 32938714 32168694 31398723=20
    31078770 30928820 31138885 31718922 32348971=20
    33519061 34159056=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Sun May 11 20:58:24 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 112057
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-GAZ000-120255-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0255
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    456 PM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Portions of Central and Eastern GA...SC Midlands
    and Lowcountry

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 112055Z - 120255Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered areas of flash flooding will be likely going
    through the early to mid-evening hours from locally slow-moving
    and training showers and thunderstorms.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar and satellite imagery shows an
    expansive area of heavy showers and thunderstorms impacting areas
    of central/eastern GA and through western/central SC as a deep
    layer southerly conveyor belt of warm and moist air lifts into the
    Southeast U.S. and interacts with a stationary front draped west
    to east across southern GA and the SC Lowcountry.

    The deep layer moisture transport is well-defined around the
    eastern flank of a deep layer trough/closed low over the lower MS Valley/western Gulf Coast region and has tropical origins with
    moisture seen in CIRA-ALPW advancing north up from Central America
    and the western Caribbean Sea across the eastern Gulf Coast region
    and into the Southeast U.S. PW values are 1.75+ inches which are a
    solid 2 to 2.5 standard deviations above normal, and the latest
    850/700 mb moisture flux anomalies are as much as 2 to 4 standard
    deviations above normal.

    This moisture transport and warm air advection will continue to
    support strong isentropic ascent across central and eastern GA and
    the SC Lowcountry through this evening which combined with
    moderate instability near the aforementioned front will support
    areas of organized convection with heavy rainfall rates. MLCAPE
    values across areas of southeast GA are still on the order of 1500
    J/kg with a strongly convergent low-level flow pattern in place
    given proximity of the front. However, the recent convective
    activity has resulted in some lowering of CAPE values over the
    last few hours.

    Nevertheless, expect sufficient levels of forcing and instability
    to continue going into the evening hours for additional rounds of
    heavy showers and thunderstorms which will be capable of producing
    rainfall rates of up to 1.5 to 2.5 inches/hour with the stronger
    convective cores, and especially with the efficient/moist deep
    layer tropical origins of the moisture transport.

    Areas of far eastern GA and possibly getting into areas of the SC
    Lowcountry will need to be closely monitored this evening for
    areas of notable cell-training as the convection here should be
    stronger and more focused with alignment also with the deeper
    layer steering flow. A wave of low pressure traversing the
    stationary front will be a key player in driving this threat.

    Some additional rainfall totals may reach 3 to 5+ inches
    (supported be HRRR and RRFS solutions), and given the rainfall
    that has already occurred, there will likely be scattered areas of
    flash flooding. This will include an urban flash flood threat,
    with even major metropolitan areas well to the north including
    Atlanta, GA and Columbia, SC potentially seeing some urban
    flooding concerns from heavy rainfall.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-PQNebJgmP1ejftQdPTKYsNq38Pe_C5zhc11_orRsASTcEKKmm_MlpI0cl_96R4J4cha= O7Ln1hUrQxIGMPBkSrABizo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...GSP...JAX...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34338150 34078036 32928007 32298059 31808105=20
    31278122 31168179 32068257 32358384 33058499=20
    33688492 33888415 33718258=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 01:31:43 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 120131
    FFGMPD
    TNZ000-ALZ000-MSZ000-ARZ000-120730-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0256
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    930 PM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Northwest to Central MS...Central and Southern AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120130Z - 120730Z

    SUMMARY...Bands of showers and thunderstorms will continue into
    the overnight hours across areas of northwest to central MS along
    with adjacent areas of central and southern AL. Concerns for
    cell-training with heavy rainfall rates will pose a threat for
    scattered areas of flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The early evening GOES-E IR satellite imagery shows
    an elongated southeast/northwest axis of relatively cold-topped
    convection continuing to impact areas of central and southern AL
    up across central to northwest MS. The bands of convection which
    are linear in nature remain concentrated rather close to a frontal
    occlusion and are persisting within a moist and moderately
    unstable airmass with the aid of divergent flow aloft around the
    northeast flank of the deep layer trough/closed low over the lower
    MS Valley.

    MLCAPE values remain locally on the order of 1000 to 1500 J/kg
    with PWs of near 1.5 inches, and this coupled with some modest
    shear parameters has been supporting rainfall rates of 1 to 2
    inches/hour with the stronger convective cores.

    There is a fair amount moisture convergence noted near the
    aforementioned frontal occlusion, and this coupled with the
    orientation of the convection with the deeper layer cyclonic flow
    should continue to yield linear convective structures that will be
    conducive for cell-training.

    The latest hires model guidance led by the HRRR and the RRFS
    collectively support as much as an additional 2 to 4 inches of
    rain going through 06Z (1AM CDT). The additional rains are
    expected to largely fall on areas that have seen recent rainfall,
    and thus with moist/wet antecedent conditions in place, there will
    continue to be a concern for scattered areas of flash flooding
    going into the overnight hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_S-7MAxSPke3GGhNJFikWZviEcceWn2e7YQ5cSsQEH7acwGWDohIE35xjVUZmDtlFu86= SMupNjXu7PuUylyaeQlBq80$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...JAN...MEG...MOB...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 35148972 33888795 33428640 32868585 31808589=20
    31348657 31368781 31568850 31848912 32498973=20
    33519061 34799086=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 02:23:18 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 120221
    FFGMPD
    SCZ000-FLZ000-GAZ000-120820-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0257
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1020 PM EDT Sun May 11 2025

    Areas affected...Central and Southeast GA...SC Midlands and
    Lowcountry

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120220Z - 120820Z

    SUMMARY...Additional rounds of heavy showers and thunderstorms
    overnight will continue to promote concerns for scattered areas of
    flash flooding heading into the overnight hours.

    DISCUSSION...The latest radar and satellite imagery is showing new
    rounds of heavy showers and thunderstorms lifting up across
    northern FL and stretching up across areas central to southeast GA
    and into far southern SC. This again is being supported by a deep
    layer southerly conveyor belt of warm and moist air lifting into
    the Southeast U.S. while interacting with a quasi-stationary
    frontal zone draped across far southern GA and up across coastal
    areas of SC.

    The deep layer moisture transport remains well-defined around the
    eastern flank of a deep layer trough/closed low over the lower MS Valley/western Gulf Coast region and continues to have tropical
    origins with moisture seen in CIRA-ALPW advancing north up from
    Central America and the western Caribbean Sea across the eastern
    Gulf Coast/FL Peninsula and into the Southeast U.S. coastal plain.
    00Z RAOB data shows PWs generally near or a little above 1.75
    inches which is 2 to 2.5 standard deviations above normal.

    This moisture transport and warm air advection will continue to
    support strong isentropic ascent across eastern GA and the SC
    Lowcountry going into the overnight hours which coupled with the
    frontal convergence and pooling of instability along it will favor
    additional concentrated areas of convection with heavy rainfall
    rates.

    MLCAPE values across coastal areas of GA and the SC Lowcountry are
    on the order of 1000+ J/kg and are being aided by cyclonic
    low-level flow off the warmer waters of the nearby Gulf Stream.
    Favorable shear parameters are in place too, and thus the
    environment will be conducive for some organized convective cells
    with high rainfall rates capable of reaching 1.5 to 2.5
    inches/hour.

    The recent runs of the HRRR/RRFS guidance and also the 18Z
    HREF/12Z REFS ensemble solutions support the potential for
    additional rainfall totals reaching 3 to 5 inches. This will
    support a continued threat for scattered areas of flash flooding
    heading into the overnight hours.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!8WF7wnE_Vld1EJtp-iCOc0LihFjsIFoY6V_v5duHBRtQTw_psBDB8h2ni18qM8AzdxFg= 052o9i4SQ4SmUHBvMcGbRzA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CAE...CHS...FFC...ILM...JAX...TAE...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34348071 33827990 32817999 32108053 31468104=20
    30578150 30468233 30788297 31638315 33048272=20
    34058190=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 07:36:03 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 120734
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-121100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0258
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    333 AM EDT Mon May 12 2025

    Areas affected...portions of eastern AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 120730Z - 121100Z

    Summary...Continued hourly rainfall totals of up to 1-2" are
    likely to result in localized 2-3" accumulations over the next
    several hours. Isolated to scattered instances of flash flooding
    are possible.=20

    Discussion...Persistent boundary layer moisture flux convergence
    just to the north of the triple point of a vertically stacked,
    deep layer (sfc-200 mb) cut-off low/cyclone is maintaining a
    cluster of thunderstorms across east-central AL (with MRMS
    estimating localized hourly totals as high as 1-2" at times). The
    convection has become increasingly linearly organized from
    south-to-north within the deep layer mean flow, backbuilding
    towards the triple point where 20-30 kts of low-level (primarily
    near the 925 mb isobaric surface/295K isentropic surface) is
    providing locally enhanced convergence/lift. In the mid- to
    upper-levels (400-250 mb), broad diffluence (within the left-exit
    region of a ~100 kt jet streak) and a distinct potential vorticity
    max upstream should continue to promote large scale lift and
    convective longevity. The mesoscale environment is characterized
    by ML CAPE of 250-1000 J/kg (and increasing by ~200 J/kg over the
    past several hours), precipitable water values of 1.3-1.5 inches
    (between the 75th and 90th percentile, per BMX sounding
    climatology), and effective bulk shear of 20-40 kts.

    Given the favorable environment and recent observational trends,
    the expectation is that isolated to scattered 1-2" hourly totals
    will continue over the next several hours, and the potential
    exists for localized training/repeating of these heavy rainfall
    rates. Hi-res CAMs (recent hourly runs of the HRRR and RRFS)
    insist that this activity will shift abruptly towards the
    northeast over the next 2-3 hours (as the low-level flow is
    expected to veer over the next couple of hours, largely cutting
    off the locally enhanced moisture transport/convergence). Even so,
    this will likely result in 2-3" of isolated to scattered rainfall
    totals through 10-11z (falling to the north and east of the
    Montgomery and Birmingham metro areas where MRMS estimates 1-2" of
    rainfall has occurred over the past several hours). Antecedent
    soil conditions are quite wet, with accompanying 3-hr Flash Flood
    Guidance (FFGs) generally range from 1.5-2.5" (as NASA SPoRT-LIS
    0-1m soil moisture remains well above the 90th percentile across
    the region). Isolated to scattered instances of flash flooding are
    possible.

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!_J_SPlRrOXtcghp3L4_NDB5gp-OB0sKIYbLllyz9vOPrylqtZzfDLiBT4AysRcBSK3X-= 4bO7GdHADcPyymcyRHtOpMI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34278653 34188564 33388533 32158541 32018580=20
    32278604 32718625 33268647 33758657=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 11:13:50 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 121113
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-121600-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0259
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    713 AM EDT Mon May 12 2025

    Areas affected...South Florida...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 121115Z - 121600Z

    SUMMARY...Compact MCS with rates of 2.5-3"/hr and some training
    elements may result in quick 3-5" totals and rapid inundation
    flooding IF collocates with urban areas over next few hours.

    DISCUSSION...CIRA LPW and surface observations depict a sharpening moisture/dewpoint gradient along and southeast of Biscayne Bay,
    with values in the Sfc-850mb layer near .7" while south across the
    FL straits near/over 1-1.1". This is supporting an isentropic boundary/effective warm front developing due to increasing
    southwest to southeast 15-25kt confluence along/ahead of NNE to
    SSW convective band crossing the central Keys. This allows for an
    effective triple point to exist across the Everglades along the Monroe/Miami-Dade county line. The strength of the moisture convergence/confluence and higher surface theta-E air to support
    SBCAPEs of 2000-2500 J/kg will support the rapidly cooling CB tops
    below -65C. Cells along the effective warm front have sufficient
    bulk shear to be rotating increasing moisture flux convergence for
    rainfall efficiency to greater than 2.5"/hr. Isolated, narrower
    updraft cells will exist along and northeast of the triple point
    through the length of the warm conveyor belt that extends north to
    just east of Cape Canaveral. Cells will be less efficient within
    the broader moderate shield precipitation given reduced available
    instability.

    There remains great uncertainty in the evolution/track of the MCV
    and therefore the triple-point and warm frontal convection.=20
    Dynamically biased Hi-Res CAMs (ARW, Nam-Nest, HRRR, RAP) suggest
    a continued northeastward track of the MCV lifting the heavy
    rainfall/triple point corridor northeastward across urban
    Miami-Dade/Broward. However, thermodynamically biased guidance
    (RRFS, ARW2, etc) suggest higher theta-E release in the mid-levels
    and increased outflow and forward propagation out across the Gulf
    stream east, resulting in a more moderate broad shield
    precipitation to occur over the urban corridor. RADAR trends
    would support the latter, reducing the overall risk of heaviest
    rainfall to the near-offshore from Biscane Bay, eastward, but the
    former cannot be fully ruled out. Currently, the greatest risk
    appears to be in the Homestead/southern Dade urban areas lifting
    northeast toward downtown Miami with spots of 3-5" possible over
    the next 1-3 hours.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5coNZZSMvoioPfi3TcX1DHsgzScETln8Jv5VrLC5CtjPnaTzvP3qXzn2W3yJvYGn9Z3t= 76hTgMMw1GB2BWw3AbqKe7g$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 26918021 26707996 26068001 25638009 25218026=20
    24968056 25018090 25198112 25668102 26148062=20
    26768049=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 19:28:55 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 121927
    FFGMPD
    ALZ000-MSZ000-130025-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0260
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    326 PM EDT Mon May 12 2025

    Areas affected...Central and Eastern MS...Western and Central AL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 121925Z - 130025Z

    SUMMARY...Slow-moving showers and thunderstorms this afternoon
    with locally heavy rainfall rates up to 1.5 inches/hour coupled
    with moist antecedent conditions will pose an isolated threat for
    flash flooding.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E Day Cloud Phase RGB satellite
    imagery is showing the gradual expansion and continued initiation
    of showers and thunderstorms across central and eastern MS and
    adjacent areas of western and central AL. The convection is
    largely developing underneath the deeper layer closed low
    gradually pivoting eastward across the Gulf Coast states.

    Cooler mid-level temperatures coupled with boundary layer heating
    over the last several hours has facilitated MLCAPE values of as
    much as 1000 to 1500 J/kg, and this coupled with cyclonic low to
    mid-level flow should foster some increase in convective coverage
    going through the remainder of the afternoon.

    The environment is relatively moist with PWs generally close to
    1.25 inches, but with the available instability and slow
    cell-motions underneath the upper low, some hourly rainfall
    amounts of up to 1.5 inches will be possible. This is consistent
    with the 12Z HREF guidance which suggests some additional storm
    totals by early this evening reaching as high as 2 to 4 inches
    where the cells tend to locally anchor themselves.

    Given the moist antecedent conditions from recent heavy rainfall,
    these additional rains over the next several hours may pose an
    isolated threat for flash flooding.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!-9BSivFSyq4By7qv9PRu-GMcCDwbOoEOoMoiFTIsKvd-AoxrbzqhqNVMsW5NGRBOEkir= 0nTDzHp48z3FTx7oIHSU5pM$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...BMX...HUN...JAN...MEG...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 34598819 34578700 34248643 33718628 33068720=20
    32618952 32789082 33529100 34128995=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Mon May 12 21:36:56 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 122136
    FFGMPD
    FLZ000-130035-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0261
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    535 PM EDT Mon May 12 2025

    Areas affected...Southeast FL

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 122135Z - 130035Z

    SUMMARY...A band of heavy showers and thunderstorms will be
    approaching the urban corridor of southeast FL over the next
    couple of hours. As this activity crosses the region early this
    evening, and urban flash flood threat will exist.

    DISCUSSION...The latest GOES-E IR satellite imagery along with
    regional radar data shows a band of heavy showers and
    thunderstorms gradually crossing south FL, with the activity
    gradually encroaching on the I-95 urban corridor of southeast FL.

    The activity has been intensifying over the last hour with cooling
    convective tops noted, and this intensification trend is being
    facilitated by rather strong low-level moisture convergence and a
    moderate to strongly unstable airmass characterized by MLCAPE
    values of 1500 to 2000 J/kg. Meanwhile, it is very moist with PWs
    of 2.0 to 2.25 inches which is locally 3+ standard deviations
    above normal.

    Rainfall rates with the approaching convective band are expected
    to be very high considering a well-defined deep tropical airmass
    and robust instability. Some rainfall rates may be capable of
    reaching 2 to 3 inches/hour, with even some sub-hourly rainfall
    totals of as much as 1.5 inches in just 20 to 30 minutes possible.

    The convection is moving fairly slowly, but steadily off to the
    east, and should advance into the I-95 urban corridor of southeast
    FL from West Palm Beach down to Fort Lauderdale and the Miami
    metropolitan area within the next 1 to 2 hours. Given the high
    rainfall rates and relatively slow cell-motions, some rainfall
    totals by mid-evening could reach 3 to 4 inches.

    These additional rains coupled with local sensitivities from the
    rainfall that occurred this morning will pose a concern for flash
    flooding over the next few hours. However, even the high rainfall
    rates alone impacting the I-95 corridor of southeast FL this
    evening will drive a notable urban flash flood threat.

    Orrison

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9Xg6sWsvXY4qY09efCUo_CbCtYAexn5UKyxJaBvLrn5bZK6xj1XsxcJh_nj2TJkmxa7e= UyEhxSk_Bll6Bru4kjXiKOs$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...KEY...MFL...MLB...

    ATTN...RFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 27468013 26727992 25888000 25238035 25388079=20
    26308052 27428054=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 13 14:42:08 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 131442
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-131915-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0263
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1041 AM EDT Tue May 13 2025

    Areas affected...northern/western VA into WV/MD Panhandles

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 131439Z - 131915Z

    SUMMARY...Localized flash flooding may develop across portions of
    central to western VA into the central Appalachians through 19Z.
    Periods of steady rain with embedded hourly rainfall of 0.5 to 1.0
    inches (locally in excess of 1 inch) can be expected with
    localized 3-hr totals of 2-3 inches.

    DISCUSSION...1430Z GOES East water vapor imagery showed a slow
    moving closed mid-level low centered over KY/TN with a negatively
    tilted shortwave spoke rotating into NC. Flow aloft ahead of this
    feature was becoming increasingly diffluent over the northern
    Mid-Atlantic region with a jet streak noted on GOES East DMV (~70
    kt) over south-central VA. Lower level winds were oriented from SE
    to NW with 850 mb wind speeds of 25-45 kt (highest from southern
    Chesapeake Bay into northwestern MD), a favorable orthogonal
    orientation for upslope enhancement into the axis of the Blue
    Ridge and central Appalachians.

    While instability was limited, central VA into east-central WV was
    positioned along the gradient in RAP forecast instability with
    MLCAPE of 1000+ J/kg to the southwest developing early in the
    afternoon. Favorable divergence and diffluece aloft will accompany
    embedded mesoscale vortices within the broader stratiform
    precipitation shield, likely help to enhance rainfall rates along
    with periods of short term training. Factoring in upslope
    enhancement due to terrain, periods of hourly rainfall between 0.5
    and 1.0 inches will be likely at times late this morning into the
    afternoon with localized hourly rainfall in excess of 1 inch
    possible. The steady nature of the rainfall with occasional
    enhancement to rainfall intensity is expected to support 2-3
    inches of rain within a 3 hour period which may result in
    localized areas of flash flooding.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!4uz4ytRo_taTdQ6D8wyy1zgG3jcJLAIZeZb4rZ1BEX3kW6UAcbEayJQxl5kJsIbNSGer= qzJsyssRhC034gj6sByQ0RI$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40437845 39777762 38197733 37357806 37467920=20
    38257964 39447985 40227936=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 13 18:16:37 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 131816
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-132245-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0264
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    216 PM EDT Tue May 13 2025

    Areas affected...western VA into WV and the upper OH Valley

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 131813Z - 132245Z

    SUMMARY...Scattered thunderstorms are expected to expand from
    portions of western VA into WV and adjoining areas of southeastern
    OH and southwestern PA through 23Z. Hourly rates within the
    afternoon storms are expected to exceed 1 in/hr at times due to
    short term training.

    DISCUSSION...Visible satellite and radar imagery at 18Z showed a
    region of scattered thunderstorms from central WV into western VA
    near I-64. These storms were located ahead of a shortwave trough
    moving north from northeastern TN into western NC, part of a
    larger closed mid-level low centered over KY/TN. The region was
    also situated southwest of a broad region of overcast skies where
    daytime heating has combined with modest moisture to support
    instability. The environment near this region of thunderstorms
    contained 500-1500 J/kg MLCAPE with weakly anomalous precipitable
    water values with low level flow from the southeast at 10-20 kt
    over western VA, but with weaker magnitudes over central WV.

    The main concern for flash flooding is due to the expectation of
    additional convective development ahead of the shortwave trough
    within clear skies (unstable environment). While a general
    movement of thunderstorms toward the north or east is expected,
    unidirectional flow from the south to south-southeast will be
    supportive of short-term training axis of heavy rain, capable of
    generating hourly rainfall 1 to 1.5 inches (perhaps locally higher
    but likely staying below 2 inches). These instances are expected
    to be isolated to widely scattered but would be in excess of
    hourly flash flood guidance which is near 1 inch per hour over
    this region of the central Appalachians.

    Otto

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7Xuvk6gN6MMtXSPXK19CH4hYN-I5VIhYLOF-9Y2RSoZJcD9jWzZFCTQTVz99Ictmjf6k= D9G4Fcmweo-KYuh8W02YUYg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LWX...PBZ...RLX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40138083 39918020 39127989 38357957 37727941=20
    37317987 37158134 37458181 38178224 38758226=20
    39318201 39728164 40038123=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 13 19:45:02 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 131944
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-140100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0265
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    343 PM EDT Tue May 13 2025

    Areas affected...South-central PA...Western MD...Eastern WV...Far
    Northwest VA...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 131945Z - 140100Z

    SUMMARY...Continued moderate rainfall with occasional weak
    embedded convective elements within strong orthogonal upslope
    ascent regime. Localized spots of additional 1.5-2.5" totals
    possible within broader .5-1" average by early overnight.

    DISCUSSION...A strong moist dynamic environment across the
    Allegheny section of the larger Allegheny Plateau in far NE WV, W
    MD into south-central PA is expected to persist through the
    evening with a very slow south to north advancement along the
    ridge lines. Highly anomalous warm conveyor belt with nearly all
    CIRA LPW layers at or above the 95th percentiles with maxima at
    the lowest sfc-850. Combine this with persistent, nearly
    orthogonal 35-40kts of 925-700mb winds per VWP is resulting in IVT
    values over 600-700 kg/m/s even without support of increased
    vertical potential from insolation. As a result localized totals
    have already been over 2-4" throughout the day in E WV/W MD and
    starting to reach 2-3" across Somerset county in PA. Slightly
    lower vertical exposure across the Blue Ridge, still spots of
    1.5-2.5" have been observed. Additional rainfall will compound
    and expand ongoing flooding concerns through the complex terrain
    through 00z.

    GOES-E WV suite shows broad closed low across the Ohio Valley,
    though an eastward extension of the low/vorticity maxima is
    lifting across SW VA/S WV at this time, surface winds are backing
    in response to the height-falls and the 850mb trof is sharpening
    increasing directional convergence from more westerly return flow
    intersecting the 30-40kt WCB flow. Additionally, best diffluent
    region of the upper-level jet is starting to lift northward ahead
    of the 850mb trof with apex of the split along the Allegheny ridge
    as noted in the broad cirrus shield (starting to evacuate Northern
    VA/E WV. While there will be some insolation, the timing is
    likely limited across and north of I-64; with strong instability
    gradient noted in RAP analysis. Still, with the DPVA approaching
    and some temps rebounding into the low to mid-70s, modified
    sounding across central VA would support 500-1000 J/kg of MLCAPE
    that could be utilized in further ascent on the 850mb convergence
    line. Upstream convection along Albemarle/Augusta can be seen
    developing in this instability axis and with 700-500mb flow veered
    a bit, the cells should track NNW into the most affected areas
    with localized enhancements to the WCB moisture flux to support
    .5-1"/hr rates for embedded convective elements through the
    complex terrain.

    Rapid refresh guidance (HRRR/RRFS/WoFS) are inconsistent in
    placement, as expected, but continues to support those embedded
    additional 1.5-2.5" totals within a broader field of .5-1" totals,
    likely to maintain on going flooding, slowly expanding coverage
    northward of flooding risk through the early overnight period.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!7JuH7uIBN6Hk4gtCv49xg0SFGrGWdlXSzPyAf3UafcT3ldJyuLUcVihS8kR9-UGT6qGG= pEfuEAU1HlG0B0IGqmo0Gtg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 41277830 41187740 40827691 40267683 38947785=20
    38107867 38167922 38757974 39667966 40617905=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Tue May 13 21:59:12 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 132159
    FFGMPD
    VAZ000-WVZ000-140300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0266
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    558 PM EDT Tue May 13 2025

    Areas affected...Western Virginia & Adj portions of Eastern WV...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 132200Z - 140300Z

    SUMMARY...Significant flash flooding event starting to unfold
    across central VA.

    DISCUSSION...21z surface map depicts a highly confluent flow
    strengthening a focus for very slow moving/stationary band with
    training elements aligning into terrain. As noted in MPD 265, an
    eastward extension of the upper-level trof continues to sharpen
    across SW to S VA, supporting lee-cyclogenesis in the vicinity of
    ROA to FVX. Earlier afternoon convection/moderate shield
    precipitation has aided the strengthening of a surface ridge
    extension through the northern Shenandoah Valley which further
    helps to anchor the strengthening band of convective activity from
    Nottoway to Augusta county, VA. Surface Tds in the upper 60s to
    lower 70s remain located along the southwestern gradient of the
    warm conveyor belt, delineated well by warm status clouds in the
    1.6um near IR channel. Solid insolation across NC and southeast
    VA shows a pocket of unstable air with an axis fo 2000 J/kg SBCAPE
    along and south of the confluence band to maintain/focus the
    convective development.

    Recent Visible imagery, RADAR mosaic and lightning detection show
    the strengthening/expanding nature to the entire convective line,
    though the apex near the Blue Ridge continues to focus best
    convergence due to the upslope. Total PWats of 1.3-1.5" and flux
    at the cloud base should support rates of 1.5"/hr, increased
    duration will support 1.5-3hrs of duration with slow northward
    propagation and may result in localized 3-4" totals by 01z,
    maintaining flash flooding conditions, where locally significant
    flooding remains possible with a spot or two of 5"+ possible (in
    line with recent 90th percentile for WoFS 20-21z solutions.=20

    Additionally, a band of scattered storms are lifting north with
    the 700-500mb trof axis across SW VA toward the area, this will
    expand the risk of flash flooding southwestward within the terrain
    where heavy rainfall today has sizably reduced the FFG values
    below 1"/hr and 1.5"/3hr. As such, even as they pass fairly
    quickly with 1-2" totals may trigger localized flash flooding
    upstream, before potentially merging with the line and finally
    ejecting it more northeast into more stable air near and north of
    the Potomac River Valley.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!44aKQ3CFTO1oae-1CEiijb2JyLhnRDWqepZb9dSY0U689bxvzkJy87DSyFsUXdVLq7IL= KkpZWdHx4UGkz0S2VliX13o$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...LWX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 39047869 39037806 38587754 38067742 37607751=20
    37197762 37027792 37197853 37287912 37327958=20
    37477997 37887990 38347956 38717925=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 14 03:17:42 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 140317
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-DCZ000-WVZ000-140800-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0267
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1116 PM EDT Tue May 13 2025

    Areas affected...Blue Ridge Mountains across much of VA and into
    MD/WV/PA, east into portions of the DMV

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding likely

    Valid 140300Z - 140800Z

    Summary...Rainfall rates of 0.5-1.0" (and locally higher) are
    expected to continue over areas that have already received 2-5".
    Scattered instances of flash flooding are likely to continue (with
    locally significant to catastrophic impacts possible across
    portions of the Blue Ridge Mountains).

    Discussion...Areas of stratiform rainfall with 0.5-1.0"/hr rates
    continue across much of VA and into adjacent portions of MD/WV/PA,
    generally along and to the east of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
    Embedded convective elements occasionally produce hourly rates in
    excess of 1" (per MRMS) estimates, and this is problematically
    occurring over areas that have already received 2-5" rainfall
    totals over the past 12-24 hours (with some localities in the
    vicinity of Shenandoah National Park receiving the bulk of that
    amount over the past 3-6 hours, with multiple Flash Flood
    Emergencies currently in effect). Deep cyclonic flow with a
    northwestward translating mid-level vorticity max and accompanying
    diffluence aloft looks to maintain synoptic scale lift and
    upper-level support, while moderate to strong low-level moisture
    transport (most prominent at 925 mb with 30-40 kt flow) via the
    persistent warm conveyor belt directed SE-ESE across the DMV
    maintains lower-level support/convergence. While instability is
    beginning to wane over much of the region (-200 to -800 J/kg of
    MUCAPE over the past 3 hours), buoyancy remains sufficient (MUCAPE
    of 100-500 J/kg) to sustain embedded convective elements (in
    addition to terrain forcing along the Blue Ridge itself).

    Given the aforementioned wet antecedent conditions (with Flash
    Flood Guidance over 3-6 hours generally ranging from 1.0-2.0", and
    locally even below 1.0") and the expected continued rainfall rates
    of 0.5-1.0" (and locally higher) over the next several hours,
    scattered instances of flash flooding are likely to continue (and
    may be locally significant to catastrophic).

    Churchill

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!6C544q-j0CS5Fqexn-dky9GR_2eMLXIcVhVcs5SmIyBCwsPTFFSNAgnnqdMy6F-R8_3f= jylB6TYnng06ebUqru3UAR0$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40417842 40337806 40177774 40047742 39957731=20
    39827714 39677699 39417689 39037691 38777699=20
    38337724 37577752 37397815 37647857 38047870=20
    38597871 39387876 39557892 39707931 40027923=20
    40337893=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 14 15:58:27 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 141557
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-NCZ000-WVZ000-142100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0268
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    1157 AM EDT Wed May 14 2025

    Areas affected...Central Appalachians

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141556Z - 142100Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms will expand in coverage and
    intensify through the afternoon across the Central Appalachians.
    Rainfall rates of 1-2"/hr are expected, which could result in 2-3"
    of rain in a few areas. This rain atop saturated soils could cause
    instances of flash flooding.

    Discussion...The GOES-E Day-Cloud distinction RGB imagery late
    this morning indicates fresh updrafts beginning to expand across
    northern NC and into parts of southern VA. These updrafts are
    resulting in intensifying showers and isolated thunderstorms noted
    via the regional radar mosaic, and are occurring in a region of
    expanding lightning cast probabilities above 30%. This suggests
    that destabilization is rapidly occurring, which is reflected by
    the SPC RAP analysis showing that CIN has eroded and SBCAPE has
    climbed to as high as 1000 J/kg. Within this environment, forcing
    for ascent is increasing downstream of a potent shortwave, clearly
    noted in WV imagery, lifting northward within a synoptic trough
    oriented NW to SE across the region. Downstream of this trough
    axis, winds veer through the column which is helping to both
    transport higher moisture northward (PWs measured around 1.2
    inches which is close to the 90th percentile for the date) and
    force orographic lift as sfc-925mb winds lift out of the SE,
    leading to an even more impressive overlap of thermodynamics and
    ascent by this aftn.

    The high-res CAMs are in good agreement that clusters of
    thunderstorms will continue to develop and move slowly northward
    on 0-6km mean winds of around 10 kts. These storms will likely
    intensify through the aftn as SBCAPE reaches as high as 1500 J/kg,
    which will be acted upon by the approaching shortwave and
    continued orographic/upslope low-level ascent. This favorable
    environment will support rainfall rates for which both the 12Z
    HREF and 00Z REFS indicate have a 40%-50% probability for
    exceeding 1"/hr, with the HRRR suggesting a threat for more than
    0.5"/15min at times (>2"/hr rates). Although bulk shear will
    remain weak at 20 kts or less, some repeating clusters of storms
    are possible, lengthening the duration of heavy rain which could
    lead to pockets of event-total rainfall reaching 2-3" in some
    areas.

    Although convection will generally remain scattered outside of
    small clusters, flash flooding will be a concern beneath any heavy
    rain producing cells today. This is due primarily to these
    excessive rain rates moving across extremely saturated soils from
    24-hr rainfall as much as 3-6". This has compromised FFG to as low
    as 0.5" to 1" in 3 hours, for which the HREF and REFS both
    forecast a 50-60% chance of exceedance, highest from the Blue
    Ridge of VA northward into the Potomac Highlands and Allegheny
    Mountains.

    Weiss

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!9-LiTbH9UdaoulASgam8FMpozb9ZbK3Cx0_HDNyK6MID1CASzJZmcX8shHr_UfSSPFrg= H683c8ecMNC3RWE84mKJSoA$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...CTP...LWX...PBZ...RLX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...LMRFC...MARFC...OHRFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40277930 40047856 39297808 38207806 37227848=20
    36747909 36357980 36308022 36398097 36758134=20
    37578125 38808083 39778047=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 14 17:34:34 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 141734
    FFGMPD
    VAZ000-NCZ000-142300-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0269
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    133 PM EDT Wed May 14 2025

    Areas affected...Eastern North Carolina and Virginia

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 141733Z - 142300Z

    Summary...Showers and thunderstorms will increase in coverage
    through the afternoon and lift slowly northeast. Rainfall rates
    may exceed 2"/hr at times within this convection, leading to
    pockets of 2-3" of rain or more. This could cause flash flooding,
    especially over urban areas or more sensitive soils.

    Discussion...The regional radar mosaic this afternoon shows
    rapidly expanding coverage of showers and isolated thunderstorms
    from the Piedmont of North Carolina through the Tidewater Region
    of Virginia. This convection is blossoming in response to
    increased ascent through a variety of forcing including a wave of
    low pressure and accompanying stationary front, the Piedmont
    Trough, and a potent shortwave/vorticity maxima noted on the
    GOES-E WV imagery. Together, these are producing deep layer ascent
    into favorable thermodynamics characterized by PWs of 1.4-1.5
    inches, around the 90th percentile at both KMHX and KWAL, with
    MLCAPE measured by the SPC RAP analysis now exceeding 1500 J/kg.
    At the same time, a plume of higher sfc-850mb and 850-700mb noted
    in the CIRA LPW product is surging across Cape Fear, and this will
    additionally enhance moisture/thermodynamics as it lifts northward
    on minimally veered SW sfc-500mb flow. Rainfall rates within this
    developing convection have already been estimated via KRAX and
    KAKQ to exceed 1.5"/hr.

    As the aftn progresses, shower and thunderstorm coverage will
    likely become more widespread as reflected by available CAM
    simulated reflectivity, with intensity also peaking later this
    aftn and into the evening. The HREF and REFS rainfall rate
    probabilities feature a 60-80% chance of exceeding 1"/hr, and
    about a 20% chance of exceeding 2"/hr. Although mean 0-6km winds
    should remain modestly progressive at 15-20 kts to the northeast,
    Corfidi vectors collapse to around 5 kts, which when combined with
    a surge of greater thermodynamics approaching from the south
    suggests short term training/backbuilding is probable to enhance
    the duration of these rain rates. This storm motion collapse could
    also occur along the sea breeze or stationary front, providing
    additional impetus for heavy rainfall accumulations, locally
    exceeding 2-3" of rain.

    Much of this region has been wet the past 7 days as reflected by
    AHPS rainfall departures of 150-300% of normal, leading to 0-40cm
    soil moisture that exceeds the 98th percentile. This has
    compromised FFG to as low as 1"/1hr and 1.5"/3hrs, lowest across
    southeast and south-central VA which is where HREF 3-hr FFG
    exceedance probabilities are highest. Any short term training of
    these intense rain rates, especially across these more sensitive
    soils of VA, or atop any urban areas, could result in instances of
    flash flooding into this evening.


    Weiss

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5-PGRic5prtyeemOf5k_ebIL4TseZozVJycRWJMxj921jxF0khf06ifnj9WkHCaMTS5i= NozWHoq9D-QBdZVCs9nFaLo$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...AKQ...MHX...RAH...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...SERFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 38067718 38007684 37817658 37347631 36787594=20
    36537599 36167620 35757654 35447697 35217753=20
    35107807 35427858 35677902 35877944 36027975=20
    36257993 37017938 37667847 37927776=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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  • From COD Weather Processor@1:2320/105 to wx-storm@lists.illinois.edu on Wed May 14 20:29:54 2025
    AWUS01 KWNH 142029
    FFGMPD
    PAZ000-MDZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-OHZ000-150100-

    Mesoscale Precipitation Discussion 0270
    NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
    429 PM EDT Wed May 14 2025

    Areas affected...Northern WV...Southwest PA...Adj Eastern OH...
    Far Western MD...Far Northwest VA...

    Concerning...Heavy rainfall...Flash flooding possible

    Valid 142030Z - 150100Z

    SUMMARY...Slow moving, scattered to regionally dense narrow core
    convective cells capable of 1-1.5"/hr rates/totals over complex
    and recently saturated soils pose localized/focused flash flooding
    potential through evening.

    DISCUSSION...Recent GOES-E Visible loop shows broad area of
    congested cu/Tcu across northern WV into far SW PA/Garrett county
    MD become more numerous and increasing in vertical depth. Area
    has been confined to the north and northeast given prolonged
    stratus deck limiting peak heating. Surface Tds in the upper
    50s/low 60s remains well above normal and with modest mid-level
    lapse rates, SBCAPEs have risen to 1500 J/kg to help
    develop/maintain convective vigor for the next few hours. GOES-E
    WV loop and RAP analysis denotes decaying upper-level low has
    sheared from NW to SE with core of vorticity across the Piedmont
    of NC/S VA with a secondary lobe back toward N OH, this has
    resulted in broad northeastward lift of the trof, but also
    resulted in slowing of the mid-level steering to less than
    15-20kts. This should allow for strong cells to develop and
    collapse within a 1-2 hour period with locally intense rain-rates
    up to 1-1.5".

    While localized, the overall density of the narrow cores is fairly
    close in proximity, that as new development produces outflow and
    seeks out remaining unstable parcels for additional development,
    proximity may allow for isolated spots to have a second intense
    pulse with overall spotty totals perhaps reaching 2", with highest
    probability over NE WV into SW PA, as further north remains more
    stable given the lack of heating this afternoon. Given these
    intense rates over complex terrain naturally with lower FFG;
    recent heavy rainfall in spots over the last day or so as further
    reduced the capacity of soils, with increased run-off likely. As
    such, scattered incidents of flash flooding are considered
    possible through late evening/early overnight as instability is
    exhausted.

    Gallina

    ...Please see https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov__;!!= DZ3fjg!5y3GBp-wWsDsjYStz99xzTB4Jsc7IQJSYXpbRjk44mgYA7joYS-mC4A8IyYPKSR2rl-D= _86UJu0HiFYEnBlUKUgByVg$ for graphic product...

    ATTN...WFO...LWX...PBZ...RLX...RNK...

    ATTN...RFC...MARFC...OHRFC...NWC...

    LAT...LON 40788042 40427977 39717944 39077858 37977931=20
    37978049 38858081 39368114 39778148 40568117=20 =20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    =3D =3D =3D
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